TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) is one of the central regulators of cell death, activated by a variety of intra-cellular and extracellular stimuli. TAK1 serves as a critical element in the tumour necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin 1 (IL-1) and Toll-like receptors (TLR) signalling, thus its unbalanced function represents an essential component in some pathologies. Several studies suggest that TAK1 is potentially a therapeutic target in inflammatory, cancerous and autoimmune diseases, as it is implicated in the immune response, cell survival and also in cell metabolism. Since there is no TAK1 inhibitor on the market yet, the aim of this thesis is to identify and evaluate a series of new compounds as potential modulators of TAK1 activity thus contributing to the development in this field. Proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs), which were used for the analysis, are molecules composed of three components: a ligand for the selected E3 ubiquitin ligase, a suitable PROTAC linker and a ligand that binds to the target protein. Due to their advantages, PROTAC molecules represent an important alternative to conventional inhibitors. Three different ligands for E3 ligases have been selected in our master's thesis: von Hippel–Lindau (VHL), cereblon (CRBN) and inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) proteins. All experiments were carried out on the MDA-MB 231 breast cancer cell line. Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, we initially verified that the synthesised PROTAC molecules have retained the affinity for the TAK1. Next, we conducted a metabolic assay to ensure that the synthesised PROTAC molecules do not exhibit cytotoxic effects. A noticeable effect on cell viability was observed for compounds containing the IAP ligand. We further evaluated whether PROTAC molecules induce degradation of TAK1 protein. We concluded that the most promising chimeric degraders of TAK1 protein are IAP ligand-based ones. However, further biological evaluations and structure optimizations will be required in the future to identify more efficient chimeric molecules.
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