Delovna terapija pri nosečnicah : diplomsko delo

Kostevc, Anja (author), Mihevc, Špela (mentor), Sicherl, Zorana (reviewer)

Uvod: Nosečnost je proces sprememb v ženskem telesu, ki so posledica razvoja ploda v maternici in traja približno 9 mesecev, ter je navadno povezana s prehodom v materinsko vlogo. V tem obdobju pride do veliko sprememb, na anatomskem, fiziološkem in psihološkem nivoju, za katere so večinoma odgovorni hormoni. Najbolj značilne spremembe so telesne, kot so zvišanje telesne teže, nestabilnost sklepov, povečana ledvena lordoza in bolečine. Poleg teh pa prihaja tudi do psiholoških sprememb. Največkrat sta to depresivna motnja in anksioznost. V pomoč pri spremembah so lahko delovni terapevti, ki so usposobljeni za izvajanje temeljite ocene potreb posamezne nosečnice in na podlagi tega razvijajo individualne načrte obravnave. Namen: Namen je bil raziskati, kaj je do sedaj znanega o vlogi delovne terapije pri obravnavi nosečnic v prenatalnem obdobju. Metode dela: Izveden je bil sistematični pregled literature. Iskanje je potekalo v iskalnih bazah PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science in OTseeker. Članke smo ocenili po relevantnosti, ravni dokazov in kakovosti z JBL kriteriji. Rezultati: V končno analizo smo vključili 7 člankov. Dva sta bila kvalitativna, dva sta bila pregleda literature, en kvazi-eksperiment, en strokovni članek in ena pilotna študija. Vsi članki so bili mlajši od 13 let. Oblikovali smo tri teme: spremembe, ki jih obravnavajo delovni terapevti v času nosečnosti s tremi podtemami, delovnoterapevtski okvirji in modeli pri obravnavi nosečnic ter delovnoterapevtske intervencije s petimi podtemami. Razprava in zaključek: Vloga delovnih terapevtov je pri obravnavi nosečnic v prenatalnem obdobju smiselna. Intervencije temeljijo na prilagajanju na spremembe. Največkrat delovni terapevti obravnavajo bolečino, stres, posturalne spremembe in informirajo žensko. Na to temo bi moralo biti izvedenih več kakovostnih raziskav, da bi dokazali učinke delovnoterapevtske obravnave pri nosečnicah.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, delovna terapija, delovni terapevti, nosečnost, prilagajanje spremembam
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [A. Kostevc]
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: 25 str., [18] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-151349
• UDC: 615.851
• COBISS.SI-ID: 167337731
• Publication date in RUL: 05.10.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Occupational therapy for pregnant women : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Pregnancy is a process of changes in the female body due to the development of the fetus. It lasts about 9 months and is usually associated with the transition to motherhood. During this period, many changes take place at the anatomical, physiological and psychological levels, for which hormones are mainly responsible. The most well-known changes are physical, such as weight gain, joint instability, increased lumbar lordosis and pain. In addition, there are also psychological changes. Most often it is a depressive disorder and anxiety. Occupational therapists who are trained to fully assess the needs of individual pregnant women can develop individualized treatment plans to support these changes. Purpose: To examine what is known to date about the role of occupational therapy in treating pregnant women in the prenatal period. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted. The search was conducted in PubMed, CHINAL, Web of Science, and OTseeker databases. Articles were assessed for relevance, level of evidence, and quality using the JBL criteria. Results: We included 7 articles in the final analysis. Two were qualitative, two were literature reviews, one was a quasi-experimental, one was a technical article, and one was a pilot study. All articles were published within the last 13 years. Three main themes were identified: Changes occupational therapists address during pregnancy with three subthemes, occupational therapy frameworks and models in the care of pregnant women, and occupational therapy interventions with five subthemes. Discussion and conclusion: The role of occupational therapists in caring for pregnant women during pregnancy is significant and focuses on adapting to the changes that pregnant women experience. Occupational therapists typically address issues related to pain, stress, and postural changes and provide informational support to pregnant women. More high-quality research studies are needed to demonstrate the effectiveness of occupational therapy interventions for pregnant women on this topic.

• Keywords: diploma theses, occupational therapy, occupational therapists, pregnancy, adapting to changes