Analiza možnosti izboljšanja hidromorfoloških razmer vzdolž odseka Kamniške Bistrice : magistrsko delo št. 114/II. VOI

Ferjan, Nika (author), Rusjan, Simon (mentor)

Vodotoki so od nekdaj omogočali življenje človeku, človek pa je z raznimi posegi negativno vplival na ravnovesje vodnih in obvodnih ekosistemov. Z bolj sonaravnimi pristopi k reševanju problemov smo prišli do načinov, ki omogočajo hkrati ugoditi potrebam človeka glede urejanja in rabe voda in zagotoviti raznovrstne in ugodne pogoje tudi za življenje vodnih in obvodnih organizmov, katerih prisotnost je zaželena in predstavlja eno od osnov za vzpostavitev dobrega ekološkega stanja voda. S poseganjem v vodotoke se vzpostavijo nove hidravlične razmere, katerih vpliv pogosto ni samo lokalen, ampak vpliva na različne dimenzije povezljivosti procesov vzdolž strug vodotokov. Proces ponovnega vzpostavljanja ravnovesja s preoblikovanjem struge vodotoka je tesno povezan z ekološkimi razmerami v vodotokih. V strugi reke Kamniške Bistrice so kljub številnim regulacijskim posegom v preteklosti prisotni intenzivni hidromorfološki procesi, ki se odvijajo predvsem ob visokih vodah, saj ima reka izrazit hudourniški značaj in je zelo prodonosna. V magistrskem delu smo se posvetili raziskovanju in analizi vplivov jezbic na hidromorfološke in hidravlične razmere vzdolž odseka Kamniške Bistrice pri Homcu. S pomočjo hidravličnega modela smo analizirali hidravlične razmere, ki se vzpostavijo ob obtekanju jezbic pri različnih pretočnih razmerah. Analizirali smo območje poplavljanja, pretočne hitrosti, globine vodnega toka, dogajanje vzdolž globočnice, vodnatost struge in začetek prodnega premika. Podali smo predloge za izboljšanje hidromorfoloških razmer na obravnavanem odseku in si odsek ogledali tudi po poplavah v avgustu 2023. Stanje se je z vidika hidromorfoloških razmer povsem spremenilo. Analize vpliva jezbic so pokazale, da lahko jezbice učinkujejo kot večfunkcionalni hidrotehnični objekti, ki omogočajo nadzorovanje obsega hidromorfoloških procesov in hkrati prispevajo k izboljšanju hidromorfološkega stanja.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: gradbeništvo, magistrsko delo, VOI, hidromorfološke spremembe, Kamniška Bistrica, jezbice, pretočne hitrosti, erozija, erozijski tolmuni, naplavine
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FGG - Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [N. Ferjan]
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: XVIII, 93 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-151143-0a819dfe-eaad-5e2b-8bc2-8da6bfa38d9a
• UDC: 556.537(282)(497.4KamniškaBistrica)(043.3)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 178458627
• Publication date in RUL: 30.09.2023

FERJAN, Nika, 2023, Analiza možnosti izboljšanja hidromorfoloških razmer vzdolž odseka Kamniške Bistrice : magistrsko delo št. 114/II. VOI [online]. Master’s thesis. Ljubljana : N. Ferjan. [Accessed 14 April 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=151143

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Analysis of possible improvements of hydromorphological conditions at a section of Kamniška Bistrica river : master thesis no.: 114/II. VOI

Abstract

Rivers have always made human life possible, but humans have negatively influenced them with different impacts on water ecosystems. Implementation of different river regulation works combined with expert knowledge supported implementation of nature-based solutions have we made it possible to both comply with the need of humans and provide diverse and appropriate environments for living organisms, whose presence is necessary for maintaining and improving the ecological state of water bodies. By clever interacting with rivers, we can establish hydraulic conditions that influence changes locally and contribute to improving different dimensions of processes connectivity along the river channels. This process of restoring balance by reshaping the river corridor is very closely connected to the ecological aspects of the river. Despite numerous river regulation works in the past, the morphological processes remain very active in the Kamniška Bistrica river, especially during floods since has a pronounced torrential character and has very high sediment transport capacity. In the master's thesis we focused on analysing the influences of groynes on hydraulic conditions and hydromorphological processes in the studied section of Kamniška Bistrica river near Homec. By using a hydraulic model, we simulated the hydraulic conditions in the vicinity of the groynes during different discharge conditions. We observed the extension of the submerged areas in the river channel, flow velocity and depth, various hydraulic parameters along thalweg, water volume retention, and the beginning of sediment transport. We presented possible measures to improve hydromorphological aspects of the river section and investigated the studied section after the floods in August 2023. Hydromorphological conditions have since changed drastically. Research and analysis on groynes have shown that they function as very beneficial multipurpose hydraulic structures which can be used to control the extension of hydromorphological conditions and contribute to improvement of the hydromorphological conditions.

• Keywords: civil engineering, master thesis, hydromorphological changes, Kamniška Bistrica, groynes, flow velocity, erosion, scour hole, sediment