Vloga notarja pri urejanju premoženjskih razmerij med zakoncema : magistrsko diplomsko delo

Trunkelj, Špela (author), Novak, Barbara (mentor)

Zakonca lahko med seboj sklepata vse pravne posle, ki jih sklepata z drugimi osebami, ter na tej podlagi ustanavljata medsebojne pravice in obveznosti. Zaradi njune tesne osebne in čustvene navezanosti lahko pride do hipnih čustvenih odločitev brez poglobljenega razmisleka, ki imajo lahko dolgoročne posledice na njuno življenje in premoženjsko stanje. V izogib takšnim naglim odločitvam je zakonodajalec uzakonil strogo obličnost pravnih poslov v obliki notarskega zapisa, kar se nanaša na celotno področje premoženjskih razmerij med zakoncema, še posebej pri sklepanju pogodbe o ureditvi premoženjskopravnih razmerij med zakoncema. Zakonca bosta sklenila pogodbo o ureditvi premoženjskopravnih razmerij, kadar bosta želela izključiti zakoniti premoženjski režim in njuna medsebojna premoženjska razmerja urediti drugače, v skladu z njunimi potrebami, interesi in željami, v času trajanja zakonske zveze, kakor tudi za primer njenega prenehanja. Bistveno (preventivno) vlogo pri sklepanju tovrstnih pogodb odigra notar, ki kot nepristranski in neodvisen pravni strokovnjak strankama vestno in pošteno svetuje. Notar pred sklenitvijo pogodbe o ureditvi premoženjskopravnih razmerij v okviru svoje pojasnilne dolžnosti stranki pouči o zakonitem premoženjskem režimu, pravicah in obveznostih, ki zanju izhajajo iz Družinskega zakonika. Strankama na razumljiv način opiše vsebino, pravne posledice ter znana in običajna tveganja v zvezi s sklenitvijo pogodbe. Pogodba o ureditvi premoženjskopravnih razmerij se obvezno vpiše v register pogodb o ureditvi premoženjskopravnih razmerij, ki ga vodi Notarska zbornica Slovenije. Če pogodba ne bo vpisana v register, se v razmerju do tretjih oseb šteje, da med zakoncema velja zakoniti premoženjski režim. Notar ima pomembno vlogo tudi na področju razvez, saj imajo zakonci, ki nimajo skupnih otrok, nad katerimi bi izvajali starševsko skrb, možnost sklepanja sporazumnih razvez pred notarjem. Eden izmed pogojev za razvezo zakonske zveze je tudi sklenjen sporazum o ugotovitvi in razdelitvi skupnega premoženja v obliki (izvršljivega) notarskega zapisa, ki je ena od oblik urejanja premoženjskopravnih vprašanj ob razvezi zakonske zveze.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: notar, zakonca, pravni posli, stroga obličnost, notarski zapis, pojasnilna dolžnost, zakoniti premoženjski režim, pogodbeni premoženjski režim, pogodba o ureditvi premoženjskopravnih razmerij, delitev premoženja
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: PF - Faculty of Law
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: Š. Trunkelj
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: 50 f.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-150958
• UDC: 347.23(497.4)(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 167596803
• Publication date in RUL: 26.09.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The role of the notary in regulating matrimonial property regimes

Abstract

The spouses may conclude between themselves any legal transaction which they enter into with other persons and, on that basis establish rights and obligations. Their close personal and emotional attachment may result in momentary decisions without much consideration, which can have long-term consequences on their lives and financial situation. In order to avoid such hasty decisions, the legislator has enacted a strict formality in the form of a notarial deed, which applies to the whole area of matrimonial property regimes between spouses, particularly to the conclusion of a contract on the matrimonial property regimes between spouses. The spouses will conclude marital property agreement when they wish to exclude the legal property regime and arrange their property relations in accordance with their needs, interests and wishes, during the duration of the marriage, as well as in the event of its termination. The notary plays an essential (preventive) role in the conclusion of such contracts, advising the parties conscientiously and honestly as an impartial and independent legal expert. Before concluding a marital property agreement on the regulation of property relations, the notary, as part of his explanatory duty, informs the parties about the legal property regime and the rights and obligations arising for them under the Family Code. Notary describes to the parties in an intelligible manner the content, legal consequences and the known and common risks associated with the conclusion of the contract. The contract on the regulation of marital property agreement must be entered in the Register of Contracts, kept by the Chamber of Notaries of Slovenia. If the contract is not entered in the register, in relation to third parties, it is considered that the legal property regime applies between the spouses. The notary also plays an important role in the field of divorces, as spouses who do not have children together, over whom they would exercise parental care, have been given the opportunity to conclude amicable divorces before a notary. One of the conditions for divorce is an agreement on the division of community property in the form of an (enforceable) notarial deed.

• Keywords: notary, spouses, legal transactions, strict form, notarized deed, explanatory duty, legal matrimonial property regime, contractual property regime, the contract on the regulation of property relations, division of property