Vpliv foliarnega gnojenja z organskim gnojilom na kakovost pridelka in skladiščne sposobnosti čebulic šalotke (Allium cepa var. Aggregatum)

Sintič, Blaž (author), Kacjan Maršić, Nina (mentor)

V poskusu, ki je potekal od marca 2022 do maja 2023, smo na Laboratorijskem polju Biotehniške fakultete proučili razlike med foliarno gnojenimi in negnojenimi rastlinami šalotke. Pri poskusu smo uporabili 3 sorte: 'Red Sun', 'Jermor' in 'Longor', ki so se ponovile v 5 ponovitvah. Vsaka ponovitev je predstavljala 24 sadilnih mest. V 2-3 tedenskih razmikih smo 4× v rastni dobi polovico rastlin foliarno gnojili z organskim gnojilom Delfan Plus (biostimulant). Delfan Plus je beljakovinski hidrolizat na bazi L-amino kislin, ki jih lahko rastlina hitro sprejema. Ko so rastline dosegle tehnološko zrelost, smo v vsaki ponovitvi prešteli število gnezd in čebulic na gnezdo in stehtali posamezno gnezdo. Sledila je kalibracija čebulic od manj kot 3 cm do več kot 5 cm. Spreminjanje mase in velikosti čebulic smo spremljali na 20 čebulicah za vsako sorto, ki so bile ali niso bile tretirane. Merjenje smo opravili na približno 2 meseca v 5 terminih (september, november, januar, marec, maj). Ostale čebulice smo uporabili za merjenje skupnih topnih snovi in suhe snovi. Med meritvami smo šalotko skladiščili v hladilnici na konstantni temperaturi 4°C. Sorta 'Red Sun' je dosegla najmanjši pridelek (10 t/ha) in najmanjše število čebulic na gnezdo (3,1), največji pridelek sorta 'Longor' (21 t/ha), največ čebulic na gnezdo pa sorta 'Jermor' (6,4) Čebulice med rastno dobo so dosegle največjo vsebnost skupnih topnih snovi (STS) pri sorti 'Jermor' (24,5 %). Med skladiščenjem je masa čebulic pri vseh sorta enakomerno padala. Vsebnost suhe snovi v čebulicah je v času skladiščenja pri vseh sortah sprva naraščala, nato pa začela upadati. Foliarno gnojenje z biostimulantom ni imelo vpliva na število čebulic v gnezdu, vsebnost STS in suhe snovi v čebulicah ter hitrost padanja mase čebulic v času skladiščenja. Imelo pa je, glede na sorto, različen vpliv na količino pridelka. Foliarno gnojenje s biostimulantom ni imelo vpliva na kakovost pridelka in skladiščne sposobnosti čebulic šalotke.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: Allium cepa, skupina Aggregatum, foliarno gnojenje, organska gnojila, kakovost pridelka, skladiščne sposobnosti pridelka
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Year: 2023
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-150815
• COBISS.SI-ID: 165731331
• Publication date in RUL: 24.09.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Effect of foliar fertilization with organic fertilizer on yield quality and storability of shallot bulbs (Allium cepa var. Aggregatum)

Abstract

In an experiment that took place from March of 2022 to May 2023, the differences between foliar fertilized and non-fertilized shallot plants grown on the Laboratory field of the Biotechnical Faculty were studied. In the experiment, 3 shallot cultivars were used: 'Red Sun', 'Jermor' and 'Longor', which were repeated in 5 replications. Each replicate represented 24 planting sites. Half of the plants were foliar fertilized with organic fertilizer Delfan Plus, 4 times during the growing season, at 2-3 weekly intervals. Delfan Plus is a protein hydrolyzate, based on L-amino acids, which can be quickly absorbed by the plant. When the plants reached technological maturity, the number of clump and bulbs per clump in each repetition were counted and each clump was weighed. The calibration of bulbs from less than 3 cm to more than 5 cm was performed. Changes in bulb mass and size were monitored on 20 bulbs for each variety that were or were not treated. The measurement was carried out over approximately 2 months in 5 periods (September, November, January, March, May). The rest of the bulbs were used to measure total soluble solids (TSS) and the content of dry matter. During the measurements, the shallots were stored in a cold room at a constant temperature of 4°C. The cultivar 'Red Sun' achieved the lowest yield (10 t/ha) and the lowest number of bulbs per clump (3.1), the cultivar 'Longor' had the highest yield (21 t/ha). The highest number of bulbs per clump (6.4) was reached at cultivar 'Jermor' (6.4). During the growing season the highest content of total soluble substances (TSS) in bulbs was reached at cultivar 'Jermor' (24.5%). During storage, the mass of bulbs in all cultivars decreased uniformly. The dry matter content in the bulbs initially increased during storage for all cultivars, and then began to decrease. Foliar fertilization with biostimulant had no effect on the number of bulbs in the clump, the content of TSS and dry matter in bulbs and the rate of decrease in bulb weight during storage. However, depending on the cultivar, it had a different impact on the yield. Foliar fertilization with a biostimulant had no effect on the yield quality and storage capacity of shallot bulbs.

• Keywords: Allium cepa, Aggregatum Group, foliar fertilization, organic fertilizers, yield quality, storability of yield