First, terms homotopy and isotopy are discussed. Loops, fundamental group, geometric intersection number and bigon criterion are presented. Mapping class group is defined. This group is classified for disc, once-punctured disc, annulus, torus and once-punctured torus. Alexander method is presented and a family of loops for Alexander method is given for surfaces of genus at least two. Dehn twists are defined along with a presentation of their action on curves. Using fibre bundles the Birman sequence is shown to be exact. Basic properties of Dehn twists are proved. Finally, a proof of a theorem of Dehn that the mapping class group of a surface is finitely generated by Dehn twists is presented.
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