Analiza meritev akustičnega hrupa v potniški kabini

BARTOLJ, DOMEN (author), Beguš, Samo (mentor)

V zadnjih letih je bil zaznan in dokumentiran negativen vpliv infrazvoka in ultrazvoka na zdravje ljudi. Številni dejavniki, kot so promet, industrija ter okoljski vplivi, vplivajo tudi na hrup v vozilih. Zato je natančno merjenje nizkofrekvenčnega zvoka postalo ključnega pomena, saj je prišlo do prevelike onesnaženosti s hrupom. Ker obstaja malo priporočil in varnostnih standardov za urejanje tega področja, so začeli v avtomobilski industriji uporabljati NVH (hrup, vibracije in grobost, ang. noise, vibration, harshness) standarde, ki pa še niso popolni. Zato je raziskovanje vpliva ultrazvoka in infrazvoka na ljudi zelo pomembno in potrebno. Vse več pozornosti je namenjene razumevanju vplivov nizkofrekvenčnega hrupa, ki ga merimo ¬¬¬¬¬¬z analizatorjem in merilnikom ravni zvoka. Zaradi velike izpostavljenosti hrupu v prometu je bila izvedena analiza meritev hrupa v potniški kabini s poudarkom na nizkofrekvenčnem področju pri zaprtem in odprtem oknu. V prvem delu naloge je na kratko opisana akustika, kako hrup vpliva na človeka in njegovo slušno področje, predstavljeni so izvori hrupa in s kakšnimi standardi rešujemo problematiko hrupa v okolju in v avtomobilski industriji. V drugem delu so bile izvedene meritve hrupa v potniški kabini med vožnjo, kjer se je uporabil merilni mikrofon, ki je bil povezan z merilnikom zvočne jakosti razreda 1. Obdelava podatkov je potekala s komercialnim programom LabVIEW in s prosto dostopnim program REW. Pridobljeni rezultati kažejo ravni zvočnega tlaka pri zaprtem oknu, večje od 100 dB do 110 dB, ter pri odprtem oknu od 105 dB do 115 dB.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: infrazvok, nizka frekvenca, nivo zvočnega tlaka, REW, LabVIEW
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: FE - Faculty of Electrical Engineering
• Year: 2023
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-150166
• COBISS.SI-ID: 164867331
• Publication date in RUL: 14.09.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Analysis of acoustic noise measurements in the passenger cabin

Abstract

In recent years, a negative impact of infrasound and ultrasound on human health has been observed and documented. Various factors, such as traffic, industry, and environmental influences, also contribute to noise in vehicles, therefore, precise measurement of low-frequency sound has become crucial due to excessive noise pollution. Since there are few recommendations and safety standards for regulating this area, the automotive industry has started using NVH (Noise, Vibration, and Harshness) standards, which are not yet complete. Hence, researching the impact of ultrasound and infrasound on humans is highly important and necessary. More attention is being paid to understanding the effects of low-frequency noise, measured with a sound level analyzer and meter. Due to high noise exposure in traffic, an analysis of noise measurements in the passenger cabin was conducted, with a focus on the low-frequency range, both with closed and open windows. In the first part of the assignment, acoustics is briefly described, including how sound is categorized, its impact on humans and their hearing range, sources of noise, and the standards used to address noise issues in the environment and the automotive industry. In the second part, noise measurements were conducted in the passenger cabin while driving, using a measurement microphone connected to a Class 1 sound level meter. Data processing was carried out using the commercial software LabVIEW and the freely accessible program REW. The obtained results indicate sound pressure levels ranging from 100 dB to 110 dB with closed windows and from 105 dB to 115 dB with open windows.

• Keywords: Infrasound, low frequency, Sound Pressure Level, REW, LabVIEW