Posledice okužbe s SARS-CoV-2 na duševnem zdravju in intervencije zdravstvene nege : diplomsko delo

Jerman, Tilen (author), Peterka Novak, Jožica (mentor), Matić, Lucija (reviewer)

Uvod: Duševno zdravje igra ključno vlogo pri razvoju posameznika in mu omogoča aktivno prispevanje k družbi. Motnje v duševnem zdravju znatno poslabšajo kakovost življenja, zato je pri obravnavi duševno bolnih ljudi pomembna vloga medicinske sestre. Okužba s SARS-CoV-2 lahko na človekovem zdravju pusti mnoge posledice, ki lahko trajajo tudi več mesecev po preboleli okužbi, med drugim so pogoste posledice tudi na duševnem zdravju. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je identificirati najpogostejše posledice okužbe s SARS-CoV-2 na duševnem zdravju in predstaviti intervencije zdravstvene nege. Metode dela: V diplomskem delu smo analizirali tujo znanstveno literaturo o duševnem zdravju po okužbi s SARS-CoV-2. Iskali smo relevantne članke, ki so bili objavljeni med leti 2019 in 2022 v bazah PubMed, ScienceDirect in Trip Database. Iskanje literature je potekalo med aprilom 2022 in junijem 2023. Vključena je bila samo tuja znanstvena literatura zaradi pomanjkanja tovrstnih raziskav v Sloveniji. Rezultati: Ugotovili smo, da lahko okužba s SARS-CoV-2 povzroči številne negativne učinke na duševno zdravje, vključno s simptomi depresije, anksioznih motenj, posttravmatske stresne motnje ter težavami s spanjem in kognitivnimi težavami. Vzrok za nastanek tovrstnih težav je kombinacija vnetnega odziva v centralnem živčnem sistemu in družbenih ukrepov za zajezitev širjenja okužbe. Razprava in zaključek: Okužba s SARS-CoV-2 vpliva negativno na posameznikovo duševno zdravje, kar lahko poslabša kakovost življenja. Duševne motnje, ki nastanejo zaradi okužbe, morajo biti čim hitreje ugotovljene in nato ustrezno obravnavane. Za zdravljenje teh motenj je najpogosteje uporabljena kombinacija psihoterapije in medikamentozne terapije. Medicinska sestra naj skrbi za vzajemno, zaupljivo in terapevtsko komunikacijo, nadzoruje naj bolnikov terapevtski plan in prevzame edukacijsko vlogo. V praksi predlagamo uporabo TIDAL modela, ki postavlja bolnika v središče obravnave. S pomočjo tega modela medicinska sestra le vodi bolnika, da čim bolj samostojno najde strategije za izboljšanje svojega počutja.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, novi koronavirus, anksiozne motnje, depresija, medicinske sestre
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [T. Jerman]
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: 30 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-150110
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 164541699
• Publication date in RUL: 14.09.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on mental health and nursing interventions : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Mental health plays a crucial role in individual development and enables active participation in society. Mental health disorders significantly deteriorate the quality of life, emphasizing the important role of nurses in the care of individuals with mental illness. Infection with SARS-CoV-2 can have various consequences on one's health, which can persist for months after recovering from the infection, including common effects on mental health. Purpose: The purpose of the diploma work is to identify the most common consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection on mental health and present nursing interventions. Methods: In the diploma work, we conducted an analysis of foreign scientific literature on mental health after SARS-CoV-2 infection. We searched for relevant articles published between 2019 and 2022 in databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Trip Database. The literature search was conducted between April 2022 and June 2023. There is a lack of this kind of research in Slovenia thus only foreign scientific literature was included. Results: Our findings revealed that SARS-CoV-2 infection can lead to numerous negative effects on mental health, including symptoms of depression, anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, as well as sleep problems and cognitive difficulties. The underlying cause of these issues is believed to be a combination of the inflammatory response in the central nervous system and the social measures implemented to contain the spread of the infection. Discussion and conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 infection has a negative impact on an individual's mental health, which can significantly deteriorate their quality of life. Mental disorders arising from the infection need to be promptly addressed and managed. The role of a nurse is crucial in this regard, as they should ensure mutual, trusting, and therapeutic communication, monitor the patient's therapeutic plan, and take on an educational role. In practice, we recommend the use of the TIDAL model, which places the patient at the center of care. With the help of this model, the nurse guides the patient to independently find strategies to improve their well-being.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, novel coronavirus, anxiety disorders, depression, nurses