Liposomi kot prenašalci zdravilnih učinkovin

Pintar, Lucija (author), Sepčić, Kristina (mentor)

Liposomi so obetaven sistem za dostavo zdravilnih učinkovin, saj omogočajo enkapsulacijo tako hidrofobnih kot hidrofilnih učinkovin. Vendar je treba rešiti več izzivov, ki bi doprinesli k izboljšanju njihove učinkovitosti in možnosti širše uporabe v farmacevtiki. Pomembna področja raziskovanja obsegajo izboljšanje enkapsulacije, manipulacijo usode liposomov zaradi mononuklearnega fagocitnega sistema, reguliranje sproščanja zdravilnih učinkovin in izboljšanje prenosa tovora do ciljnih tkiv. Na zadrževanje zdravilne učinkovine v liposomu vplivajo topnost učinkovine v lipidnem dvosloju, interakcije z lipidi, velikost in sestava lipidov; enkapsulacijo bi torej lahko izboljšali, če bi prilagodili lipidno sestavo. Liposomi s hidrofilnimi polimernimi prevlekami krožijo dlje in se kopičijo v ciljnih tkivih, v celice pa vstopajo s fagocitozo in endocitozo, a se pogosto razgradijo v lizosomih. V nalogi so predstavljene raziskave in napredek na področju tehnologije liposomov, ki omogočajo premagovanje teh izzivov in razvoj izboljšanih liposomskih formulacij za različne medicinske namene.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: liposom, biokonjugacija, dostava zdravilnih učinkovin, nanomedicina, genska terapija, imunoterapija, PEGilacija, lipidni nanodelci, ciljna dostava, zdravila proti raku, farmakokinetika, ciljni ligand
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Year: 2023
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-150011
• COBISS.SI-ID: 164780291
• Publication date in RUL: 13.09.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Liposomal drug delivery systems

Abstract

Liposomes are a promising system for the delivery of drugs as they allow the encapsulation of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs. Several challenges need to be addressed to improve liposmal efficiency and to allow for their wider use as pharmaceuticals. Important areas of research are directed towards improving the encapsulation, manipulation of the liposomal fate due to the mononuclear phagocytic system, regulating the release of drugs, and improving delivery to target tissues. Factors such as the drug solubility in the lipid bilayer, interactions with lipids, size and composition of lipids, influence the retention of the drug in the liposome, so the encapsulation could be improved by adjusting lipid composition. Liposomes with hydrophilic polymer coatings circulate longer, and accumulate in target tissues and enter cells by phagocytosis and endocytosis, but are often degraded in lysosomes. In this thesis, we present the latest research and advances in liposome technology that allow to overcome these challenges and develop improved liposome formulations for a variety of medical applications.

• Keywords: liposome, bioconjugation, drug delivery, nanomedicine, gene therapy, immunotherapy, PEGylation, lipid nanoparticles, targeted delivery, anticancer drugs, pharmacokinetics, targeting ligand