Radiološki inženir v radioterapiji in strategije za obvladovanje duševnih stisk bolnikov v času obsevanja : diplomsko delo

Bider, Zala (author), Volčanšek, Lea (author), Žager Marciuš, Valerija (mentor), Škufca Smrdel, Andreja Cirila (comentor), Medič, Mojca (reviewer)

Bolezen rak ne vpliva le na fizične, ampak tudi psihične potrebe bolnika. Zato je v zdravstveno obravnavo pomembno vključiti tudi bolnikovo psihološko stanje. Znanje na področju prepoznavanja duševne stiske je premalo poudarjeno, vendar se število raziskav povečuje. Ob postavitvi diagnoze rak se bolniki soočijo z izgubo zdravja, ta novica sproži proces žalovanja. Duševna stiska (angl. distress) predstavlja neprijetno čustvo duševne, telesne, socialne ali duhovne narave, ki vpliva na razmišljanje, počutje in vedenje posameznika. Depresivnost in anksioznost imata lahko pri zdravljenju onkoloških bolnikov resne negativne posledice v primeru, če je prepoznava in zdravljenje teh neuspešno. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je raziskati, kakšne strategije uporabljajo radiološki inženirji pri delu z bolniki v času obsevanja za zmanjševanje duševne stiske. Cilj je raziskati in predstaviti strategije obvladovanja duševnih stisk onkoloških bolnikov. Metode dela: V diplomskem delu smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo s sistematičnim pregledom literature. Osredotočili smo se na tujo literaturo iz področja obvladovanja duševne stiske pri onkološkem bolniku v času obsevanja ter kakšne strategije obvladovanja duševne stiske uporabljajo radiološki inženirji. Literaturo smo iskali v različnih podatkovnih bazah v angleškem in slovenskem jeziku od novembra 2022 do aprila 2023. Rezultati: Predstavili smo ugotovitve opisanih člankov po sistematičnem pregledu. Poudarek je bil na področju informiranja in izobraževanja bolnikov o duševni stiski, predstaviti uporabo presejalnih testov duševne stiske in mnenja bolnikov o obravnavi v radioterapiji. Razprava in zaključek: Ugotovili smo, na kakšen način si radiološki inženirji pomagajo pri tem, da bi zmanjšali duševno stisko onkoloških bolnikov in s tem izboljšali njihovo počutje in rezultate zdravljenja. Izpostavili smo pomen uvedbe izobraževanja za radiološke inženirje, ki so zaposleni na radioterapevtskih oddelkih, saj so tako bolj opolnomočeni pri delu z bolniki in pri prepoznavanju duševnih stisk ter izbiri intervencij za zmanjševanje duševne stiske. Neglede na to, katero intervencijo izberemo za zmanjševanje duševne stiske, je njen temelj dobra komunikacija med radiološkim inženirjem in bolnikom.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, radiološka tehnologija, onkološki bolniki, psihosocialne intervencije, psihoedukacija radioloških inženirjev, presejanje duševne stiske, bolnišnična lestvica anksioznosti in depresivnosti
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [Z. Bider : L. Volčanšek]
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: 48 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-150002
• UDC: 616-07
• COBISS.SI-ID: 164367875
• Publication date in RUL: 13.09.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Radiation therapist and management of patients' emotional distress during radiation : diploma work

Abstract

Cancer not only affects the physical needs of a patient, but also their psychological needs. Therefore it is important to include the patient's psychological state in healthcare treatment. Knowledge regarding the recognition of distress is often overlooked, but the number of research studies on this topic is increasing. When diagnosed with cancer, patients face the loss of their health, and that news triggers grieving process. Distress refers to the unpleasant emotional, physical, social or spiritual feeling that impacts an individual's thoughts, emotions and behavior. Untreated depression and anxiety can have serious negative consequences for the treatment of oncology patients. Purpose: The purpose of this diploma thesis is to research, strategies that radiation therapists use in radiotherapy to reduce patient's distress. The aim is to explore and present coping strategies for distress in oncology patients. Methods: In diploma thesis, we used a descriptive method with a systematic review of the literature. We focused on the foreign literature in the field of distress management in oncology patients during radiation therapy, as well as the strategies used by radiation therapists. The literature was searched in various databases in English and Slovenian language from November 2022 to April 2023. Results: We presented the findings of the described articles after a systematic review. The emphasis was placed on patient's education and information regarding distress, the use of screening tests for distress and patient's opinions on their treatment in radiotherapy. Discussion and conclusion: We found how radiation therapists assist in reducing the distress of oncology patients and thereby improve their well-being and treatment outcomes. We highlighted the importance of implementing education for radiation therapists working in radiotherapy departments, as this empowers them to better interact with patients, recognize distress and choose appropriate interventions to reduce distress. Regardless of the intervention chosen to reduce distress, effective communication between the radiation therapist and the patient serves as it's foundation.

• Keywords: diploma theses, radiologic technology, oncology patients, psychosocial interventions, psychoeducation of radiation therapist, distress screening, the hospital anxiety and depression scale