Pametna naprava za upravljanje okenskih senčil

PLAHUTA, TADEJ (author), Puhan, Janez (mentor)

V diplomski nalogi sta opisana razvoj in izdelava pametnega krmilnika okenskih senčil z dvema aktuatorjema. Ta pametna naprava je del večjega sistema hišne avtomatizacije, ki temelji na odprtokodni platformi Home Assistant. Naprava se prek brezžičnega omrežja Wi-Fi povezuje z nadzornim sistemom hišne avtomatizacije in komunicira prek omrežnega komunikacijskega protokola MQTT (ang. MQ Telemetry Transport). Krmilnik omogoča motorizirano premikanje notranjih okenskih senčil z vrvico. Uporabnik lahko motorizirana senčila upravlja prek kontrolnih tipk na kontrolni plošči, mobilne aplikacije na pametnem telefonu ali z uporabo spletnega uporabniškega vmesnika. Poleg osnovnega daljinskega upravljanja naprava omogoča tudi avtomatizacijo senčenja oken glede na nastavljeni čas ali nivo zunanje osvetlitve in zajema podatke o zunanji svetlosti ter temperaturi in vlažnosti v prostoru. V uvodnem delu predstavimo uporabljene protokole za povezovanje pametne naprave z nadzornim sistemom in opišemo koncept hišne avtomatizacije, na katerem temelji naš sistem za krmiljenje senčil. V nadaljevanju diplomske naloge opišemo zahteve sistema, ki so nas usmerjale pri razvoju naprave. Za krmiljenje pametne naprave smo izbrali modul ESP32, saj ima dobro podporo za omrežje Wi-Fi in druge oblike brezžične komunikacije ter je cenovno ugodna rešitev. Za nadzorni sistem smo uporabili platformo Home Assistant, ki se izvaja na mikroračunalniku Raspberry Pi. V nadaljevanju sledi podroben opis načrtovanja elektronike naprave, ki vključuje vhodno zaščito vezja, več napajalnih sklopov, vezje za krmiljenje enosmernih motorjev z gonilniki H-most, SD-kartico, indikacijo s svetlečo diodo LED (ang. Light Emitting Diode) in druge gradnike. Predstavimo tudi izvajanje programa krmilnika s pomočjo blokovnih diagramov. Program temelji na operacijskem sistemu FreeRTOS in uporabi končnega avtomata prehajanja stanj za izvajanje krmilne logike naprave. Opišemo tudi postopek postavitve nadzornega sistema hišne avtomatizacije na mikroračunalniku Raspberry Pi in ustvarjanje avtomatizacij naprave. Na koncu predstavimo še izdelavo mehanike naprave in njeno vgradnjo na okenska senčila ter opišemo delovanje naprave.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: pametna senčila, hišna avtomatizacija, omrežje Wi-Fi, protokol MQTT, platforma Home Assistant, modul ESP32
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: FE - Faculty of Electrical Engineering
• Year: 2023
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-149582
• COBISS.SI-ID: 165883139
• Publication date in RUL: 07.09.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Smart window blinds controller

Abstract

The diploma thesis describes the development and production of a smart controller for window blinds with two actuators. This smart device is part of a larger home automation system based on the open-source Home Assistant platform. The device connects to home automation control system via wireless Wi-Fi network and communicates through the MQTT (MQ Telemetry Transport) network communication protocol. The controller enables motorized movement of interior window blinds with a cord. The user can control the motorized blinds using control buttons on a control panel, a smartphone application, or a web user interface. In addition to basic remote control, the device also allows automation of window shading based on a set time or level of external lighting. It also captures data on external brightness, room temperature, and humidity. In the introductory section, we presented the protocols used to connect the smart device to the control system and described the concept of home automation on which our blind control system is based. In the following part of the thesis, we described the system requirements that we followed during the development of the device. We chose the ESP32 module to control the smart device, as it has good support for Wi-Fi networks and other wireless communications. It also presents a cost-effective solution. We used the Home Assistant platform for the control system that runs on the Raspberry Pi microcomputer. Next, we provide a detailed description of the device electronics design, including input circuit protection, multiple power supply modules, a circuit for controlling DC motors with H-bridge drivers, an SD card, LED (Light Emitting Diode) indicators, and other components. We also presented the implementation of the controller program using block diagrams. The program is based on the FreeRTOS operating system and a finite state machine for executing the device's control logic. We also described the process of setting up the home automation control system on the Raspberry Pi microcomputer and creating automation for the device. Finally, we presented the fabrication of the device's mechanics, its installation on window blinds, and its operation.

• Keywords: smart blinds, home automation, Wi-Fi network, MQTT protocol, Home Assistant platform, ESP32 module