Operating a complex system such as the power grid consists of many crucial components, one of which is frequency measurement. The existing methods of frequency measurement can be described with the help of various mathematical methods. In this work I have focused on three: sine-fitting, zero-root crossing, and Short-Time Fourier transform (STFT). To test them, I first created an input, an electrical voltage signal, with a predefined frequency. In the next step I focused on different parameters, such as harmonic distortion and window length, and their impact on measurement accuracy. Whether they would pass as acceptable if put into practice, additional tests are needed. These are defined in a standard IEEE-C37.118.1-2011, in which there are various tests for stationary and dynamic conditions. I have conducted three of them and the results are as followed. All of them have successfully passes at least one test for dynamic conditions, but none for stationary conditions. In demands, regarding the speed of measurements in real-time, they all failed due to sensitivity to convergence and both parameters, mentioned above. Following this revelation, to get acceptable results of frequency measurement in real-time, additional methods would be needed.
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