Protiglivna aktivnost izvlečkov navadne in krhljaste barvilnice : magistrsko delo

Gruden, Natalija (author), Strgulc-Krajšek, Simona (mentor), Anžlovar, Sabina (co-mentor)

V magistrskem delu smo proučevali protiglivno aktivnost izvlečkov, pridobljenih iz posušenih listov, korenov in plodov dveh v Sloveniji invazivnih rastlinskih vrst – navadne barvilnice (Phytolacca americana) in krhljaste barvilnice (P. acinosa). Izvlečke smo pripravili z ekstrakcijo z etanolom in testirali njihovo protiglivno delovanje na vrste Alternaria alternata, Alternaria infectoria, Aspergillus flavus, Epicoccum nigrum, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium poae in Fusarium oxysporum. Pripravili smo 10-% etanolne izvlečke, ki smo jih dodali na 2-% PDA gojišče in na njih neposredno nanesli kulturo glive. Vse tretmaje smo trikrat ponovili. Nekateri izvlečki so rast gliv zavirali, nekateri pospeševali. Največji zaviralni učinek na rast gliv sta imela izvlečka iz listov P. acinosa in plodov P. americana. S pomočjo teh izvlečkov smo kot dokaz o protiglivnem delovanju nadaljevali raziskave in proučevali glive, ki so imele 60-% ali večji zaviralni učinek na rast micelija. Za izvlečke sta bili najbolj občutljivi dve glivi – Botrytis cinerea in Aspergillus flavus. Obe glivi smo gojili na PDA gojišču z izvlečki s koncentracijami 25 %, 12,5 %, 6,2 %, 3,1 %, 1,6 %, 0,8 % in ugotovili, da je bila inhibicija rasti koncentracijsko odvisna. Rezultati so pokazali, da bi bili lahko izvlečki, pridobljeni iz listov P. acinosa in plodov P. americana, potencialno uporabni kot biofungicidi v kmetijstvu in kot alternativa sintetičnim fungicidom pri zaviranju rasti škodljivih gliv v živilski industriji.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: barvilnica, navadna barvilnica, Phytolacca americana, krhljasta barvilnica, P. acinosa, glive, protiglivna aktivnost, inhibicija rasti
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: PEF - Faculty of Education
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: N. Gruden
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: XVI, 70 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-149109
• UDC: 58(043.2)
• DOI: 20.500.12556/RUL-149109
• COBISS.SI-ID: 163138307
• Publication date in RUL: 03.09.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Antifungal Activity of Phytolacca americana and P. acinosa Extracts

Abstract

In the master's thesis, we investigated the antifungal activity of extracts obtained from dried leaves, roots, and fruits of two invasive plant species in Slovenia - Phytolacca americana and P. acinosa. Extracts were prepared by ethanol extraction and tested for their antifungal activity against the following species: Alternaria alternata, Alternaria infectoria, Aspergillus flavus, Epicoccum nigrum, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium poae and Fusarium oxysporum. We prepared 10% ethanol extracts, which were added to 2% PDA medium and fungal culture was directly applied to them. All treatments were repeated three times. Some extracts were shown to inhibit the growth of fungi, some to accelerate it. Extracts from P. acinosa leaves and P. americana fruits had the greatest inhibitory effect on fungal growth. With the help of these extracts as evidence of antifungal activity, we continued research and studied fungi that had a 60% or greater inhibitory effect on the growth of mycelium. Botrytis cinerea and Aspergillus flavus were the two most sensitive fungi to the extracts. Both fungi were grown on PDA medium with extracts at concentrations of 25%, 12.5%, 6.2%, 3.1%, 1.6%, 0.8% and we found that growth inhibition was concentration-dependent. The results showed that extracts obtained from P. acinosa leaves and P. americana fruits could potentially be used as biofungicides in agriculture and as alternatives to synthetic fungicides for inhibiting the growth of harmful fungi in the food industry.

• Keywords: pokeweed, Phytolacca americana, P. acinosa, fungi, antifungal efficiency, growth inhibiton