Vpliv sindroma policističnih jajčnikov na pojav diabetesa tipa dva : diplomsko delo

Zdovc, Nina (author), Mlinar, Suzana (mentor), Mihelič Zajec, Andreja (reviewer)

Uvod: Sindrom policističnih jajčnikov je ena izmed najpogostejših endokrinih motenj žensk po celem svetu. Do leta 2020 je bilo diagnosticiranih 105 milijonov žensk med 15 in 49 letom starosti. Sindrom policističnih jajčnikov povezujemo z neplodnostjo, z leti pa reproduktivna bolezen ponavadi preide v metabolni sindrom, ki pa se kaže z inzulinsko rezistenco, oslabljeno glukozno intoleranco, dislipidemijo in povišano telesno maso. To pa lahko vodi v razvoj diabetesa tipa dva in poveča tveganje za kardiovaskularna obolenja. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je ugotoviti ali imajo vse ženske s sindromom policističnih jajčnikov povečano tveganje za razvoj diabetesa tipa dva in s kakšnimi preventivnimi ukrepi lahko medicinske sestre pripomorejo k boljši kakovosti življenja in zmanjšajo tveganje za pojav diabetesa tipa dva pri ženskah s sindromom policističnih jajčnikov. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda dela s pregledom literature. Iskanje literature je potekalo po v podatkovnih bazah: Medline (PubMed), DiKul, CINAHL, COBIB.si in Google učenjak. Uporabljene ključne besede oziroma kombinacije ključnih besed so bile: ''polycystic ovaries syndrome'', ''PCOS'', ''policistični jajčniki'', ''diabetes type 2 and PCOS'', ''primary care in women with PCOS'', ''PCOS and health care'', '' prevalence of type two diabetes among women with PCOS''. Rezultati: V analizo je bilo vključenih 16 enot strokovne in znanstvene literature. Raziskovalci ugotavljajo, da imajo vse ženske s sindromom policističnih jajčnikov, ne glede na indeks telesne mase, povečano tveganje za razvoj diabetesa tipa dva. Ženske s sindromom policističnih jajčnikov imajo višje ravni serumske glukoze in inzulina v krvi ter so bolj dovzetne za pojav inzulinske rezistence. Pomembno je, da medicinske sestre poznajo in pri svojem delu upoštevajo vpliv, ki ga ima sindrom policističnih jajčnikov na življenje žensk. Poznati morajo dejavnike tveganja, ki vplivajo na razvoj diabetesa tipa dva in kako jih preprečiti. Pomembno vlogo imajo tudi pri seznanjanju širše javnosti o sindromu policističnih jajčnikov ter zmanjševanju stigme. Razprava in zaključek: Medicinske sestre imajo pomembno vlogo pri podajanju relevantnih in aktualnih informacij o bolezni in obvladovanju simptomov. S tem bodo ženskam s sindromom policističnih jajčnikov pomagale obvladovati bolezen, zmanjšale tveganje za nastanek diabetesa tipa dva, predvsem pa jih bodo na tak način opolnomočile in jim omogočile prevzemanje nadzora nad lastnim zdravjem.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, metabolni sindrom, inzulinska rezistenca, indeks telesne mase, zdrav življenjski slog, preventivni ukrepi
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [N. Zdovc]
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: 30 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-149096
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 163121667
• Publication date in RUL: 03.09.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The impact of polycystic ovary syndrome on the occurrence of type two diabetes : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women worldwide. By the year 2020, 105 million women aged 15-49 have been diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome worldwide. Polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with infertility, but over the years the reproductive disease usually progresses to metabolic syndrome, which in turn manifests as insulin resistance, impaired glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia and weight gain. This can lead to the development of type 2 diabetes and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to determine whether all women with polycystic ovary syndrome have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes and what preventive measures nurses can take to improve quality of life and reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Methods: Descriptive method with a literature review was used. The literature search was performed in Medline (PubMed), DiKul, CINAHL, COBIB.si and Google scholar. The keywords or combinations of keywords used were: ''polycystic ovaries syndrome'', ''PCOS'', ''polycystic ovaries'', ''diabetes type 2 and PCOS'', ''primary care in women with PCOS'', ''PCOS and health care'', ''prevalence of type two diabetes among women with PCOS''. Results: The analysis included 16 items of scientific literature. Researchers found that all women with polycystic ovary syndrome, regardless of their body mass index, have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Women with polycystic ovary syndrome have higer levels of serum glucose and insulin in their blood and are more susceptible to insulin resistance. It is important that nurses know the risk factors that cause the development of type 2 diabetes and how to prevent them. Nurses also play an important role in raising public awareness about polycystic ovary syndrome and reducing stigma. Discussion and conclusion: Nurses play an important role in providing women with polycystic ovary syndrome with relevant and up-to-date information about the disease and symptome management. With this they will help women with polycystic ovary syndrome to manage their disease, reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and above all empower them to take control of their own health.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, body mass index, healthy lifestyle, preventive measures