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Uporaba dendritičnih celic za predstavitev tumorskih antigenov pri imunoterapiji raka
ID Pangerc, Andraž (Author), ID Narat, Mojca (Mentor) More about this mentor... This link opens in a new window

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Abstract
Rak je ena najbolj razširjenih bolezni po svetu in v zadnjem obdobju doživljamo razcvet novih terapij. Imunoterapije so metode, ki pripravijo telo do tega, da aktivira imunski odziv proti rakastim celicam. Kot perspektivna metoda se je pokazala uporaba dendritičnih celic, ki služijo kot antigen predstavitvene celice in na ta način sprožijo T celični imunski odziv. Na tumorjih so identificirali mnogo antigenov, to je proteinov, ki so drugačni pri tumorskih celicah kot pri zdravih celicah. Z različnimi metodami te antigene dostavijo v dendritično celico. V tem delu je kot metoda vnosa antigena predstavljena fuzija, ki ima prednost pred drugimi metodami, ker lahko s to metodo vnesemo vse antigene tumorske celice. Za imunoterapijo se lahko uporabljajo linije dendritičnih celic pridobljene iz pacienta, ki jim vstavijo tumorske antigene ali pa so linije antigen predstavitvenih dendritičnih celic komercialno ustvarjene in na voljo za več bolnikov. Ker pri teh vrstah imunoterapij pri pacientih z vnosom antigenov (preko antigen predstavitvenih celic) sprožijo imunski odziv, te terapije mnogi uvrščajo med cepiva, tako imenovana protirakava cepiva. Nekaj takih cepiv je že šlo skozi klinična testiranja, vendar težavo predstavlja nizka učinkovitost. Uporaba lastnih celic na bolniku prinaša specifičnost zdravila in nakazuje premik zdravljenja v personalizirano medicino.

Language:Slovenian
Keywords:dendritične celice, antigen, tumor, imunoterapija, rak, antigen predstavitvena celica, fuzija, celice T, aktivacija imunskega odziva, imunska obramba, mononuklearne celice, klinične študije imunoterapevtskih zdravil, avtologni in alogeni
Work type:Bachelor thesis/paper
Typology:2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Year:2023
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-148583 This link opens in a new window
COBISS.SI-ID:162429187 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:27.08.2023
Views:562
Downloads:29
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Use of dendritic cells for presenting tumor antigens in cancer immunotherapy
Abstract:
Cancer is one of the most common diseases in the world and in the last few decades, we are going thru the rise of new ways of treating cancer. Immunotherapy is a method, which forces the body to start fighting against cancer cells. One perspective method is dendritic cells, which serve as antigen-presenting cells and activate T cell immune response. They have identified few antigens on tumors, that are different than on healthy cells. They have developed many methods to pack those antigens into dendritic cells. This paper covers the fusion method because we can pack the whole set of tumor antigens into dendritic cells. We can use dendritic cells that originate from a patient itself or are commercially produced and available for more patients. These therapies are classified as anti-cancer vaccines because with the insertion of antigens (through antigen-presenting cells) they activate an immune response. There were a lot of clinical trials surrounding these vaccines, but the problem is low efficiency. The use of patients'cells is creating more specific drugs and is showing a shift of medicine to personalized medicine.

Keywords:dendritic cells, antigen, tumor, immunotherapy, cancer, antigen-presenting cell, fusion, T cells, activation of the immune response, immune defense, mononuclear cells, clinical trials of immuno-therapeutics, autologous and allogenic

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