VPLIV CESTNEGA PROMETA NA ONESNAŽENOST ZRAKA IN NA PODNEBNE SPREMEMBE

Hartman, Urban (author), Bajt, Oliver (mentor)

Obravnava tematike najprej zajema splošno področje cestnega prometa, onesnaževanja okolja ter predstavitev zakonodaje, ki določa standarde kakovosti zraka. Nadaljevanje pa se osredotoča na proučitev glavnih onesnaževal iz cestnega prometa, razdelitev vplivov cestnega prometa na onesnaževanje, kronološki pregled zmanjševanja emisij iz cestnega prometa ter razlike v meritvah emisij cestnih vozil, omenjena poglavja pa tvorijo obravnavano področje vpliva cestnega prometa na onesnaženost zraka. Obenem obravnava tematike zajema tudi kompleksno področje podnebnih sprememb ter vpliv cestnega prometa nanje, hkrati pa tudi vpliv podnebnih sprememb na promet. Na koncu pa zajema področje alternativnih rešitev za zmanjšanje onesnaževanja zraka s cestnim prometom, ki imajo danosti, da izboljšajo kakovost zraka. Cestni promet je leta 2018 v EU prispeval skoraj 40 % vseh emisij NOx ter približno 10 % vseh primarnih emisij PM10 in PM2,5. Čezmerna onesnaženost zraka je najpogostejša in problematična predvsem v mestnih območjih. Vendar pa so se v primerjavi s koncem prejšnjega tisočletja zmanjšali izpusti emisij omenjenih onesnaževal iz cestnega prometa. Ocenjeno je, da naj bi se v prihodnosti izpusti emisij iz cestnega prometa še naprej zmanjševali. Promet je odgovoren za približno četrtino vseh emisij toplogrednih plinov v EU, pri čemer cestni promet predstavlja daleč največji delež, in sicer kar 72-odstoten v letu 2019. Cestni promet bistveno vpliva na enega večjih okoljskih razvojnih izzivov, s katerim se sooča človeštvo. Ocenjeno je, da se bodo sicer emisije CO2 iz cestnega prometa zmanjševale, vendar daleč od predvidenega znižanja za dosego splošnega cilja ogljične nevtralnosti do leta 2050. Iz proučevanja tematike je razvidno, da cestni promet v precejšnji meri vpliva na onesnaženost zraka in na podnebne spremembe, vendar je omembe vredno, da se ta vpliv postopoma zmanjšuje. Torej je vse bolj uresničljivo optimalno razmerje med potrebami ljudi po mobilnosti in vplivom cestnega prometa na okolje, in sicer bolj trajnostnim prometom v prihodnosti.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: cestni promet, onesnaževala zraka, podnebne spremembe, kakovost zraka, vpliv
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: FPP - Faculty of Maritime Studies and Transport
• Year: 2023
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-148397
• Publication date in RUL: 22.08.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: AIR POLLUTION BY ROAD TRANSPORT AND THE IMPACT ON CLIMATE CHANGE

Abstract

The discussion of this thesis begins with a general overview of road transport, environmental pollution, and the legislation that determines air quality standards. The following sections focus on the main pollutants from road transport, the division of impacts of road transport on pollution, a chronological review of emission reduction efforts, and the differences in measuring road vehicle emissions. These chapters form the basis for exploring the impact of road transport on air pollution. At the same time, the thesis also covers the complex field of climate change, the impact of road transport on climate change, as well as the impact of climate change on transport. Finally, it covers the area of alternative solutions, which have the potential to improve air quality and reduce air pollution caused by road transport. In 2018, road transport contributed to almost 40% of all NOx emissions and to around 10% of all primary PM10 and PM2,5 emissions in the EU. Excessive air pollution is especially frequent and problematic in urban areas. Nevertheless, compared to the end of the previous millennium, emissions of these pollutants from road transport have decreased. Furthermore, it is estimated that emissions from road transport will continue to decline in the future. Transport is responsible for about a quarter of all greenhouse gas emissions in the EU, with road transport representing the largest share in 2019 at 72%. Therefore, it significantly affects one of the major environmental development challenges facing humanity. It is estimated that CO2 emissions from road transport will decrease, but they are far from reaching the projected reduction required to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. The study of this topic demonstrates that road transport has a considerable impact on air pollution and climate change. However, it is noteworthy that this impact is gradually decreasing. Therefore, striking the optimal balance between people's mobility needs and the environmental impact of road transport is increasingly achievable, paving the way for more sustainable transport in the future.

• Keywords: road transport, air pollutants, climate change, air quality, impact