Učinki vibracij celotnega telesa pri pacientih z artrozo kolena - pregled literature : diplomsko delo

Uhan, Lana (avtor), Hlebš, Sonja (mentor), Ipavec, Matej (komentor), Kacin, Alan (recenzent)

Uvod: Artroza je najpogostejša bolezen sinovialnih sklepov pri starejših odraslih. Gre za prezgodnje in prehitro propadanje sklepnega hrustanca s pridruženo zadebelitvijo subhondralne kosti ter tvorbo osteofitov. Vodi v strukturno in funkcijsko okvaro celotnega sklepa. Najpogosteje prizadene kolenski sklep in se kaže z bolečino, omejeno gibljivostjo in okorelostjo sklepa. Pomembno je tudi zmanjšana zmogljivost stegenskih mišic. Fizioterapevtska obravnava je usmerjena v odpravljanje simptomov in vključuje različne postopke kinezioterapije in instrumentalne fizioterapije. Vadba z vibracijami celotnega telesa je vse pogosteje uporabljena kot sestavni del ali alternativa vadbi proti uporu. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je predstaviti učinke vadbe z vibracijami celotnega telesa na bolečino ter mišično zmogljivost pri pacientih z artrozo kolenskega sklepa. Metode dela: Pregledane so bile podatkovne zbirke PubMed, PEDro in Cohrane Library, iz katerih smo na podlagi vključitvenih in izključitvenih meril izbrali raziskave za podrobnejšo analizo. Iskanje je potekalo v angleškem jeziku, z uporabo naslednjih besed oziroma besednih zvez: whole-body vibration, vibration therapy in knee osteoarthritis. Rezultati: Merilom je ustrezalo pet randomiziranih kontroliranih raziskav, objavljenih med leti 2016 in 2021. Preiskovalne skupine so bile vključene v program vadbe z vibracijami celotnega telesa, kontrolne skupine so enak vadbeni program izvajale brez vibracij. Vključili smo raziskave z visoko metodološko kakovostjo, ocenjene s 6 ali več po PEDro lestvici. Ugotovili smo, da lahko z vadbo na vibracijski plošči pride do zmanjšanja bolečine. Vibracijska vadba je učinkovitejša pri povečanju mišične jakosti in moči ekstenzorjev kolena, vendar nima dodatnega učinka na mišično jakost fleksorjev kolena. Razprava in zaključek: Obstajajo dokazi, da je vibracijska vadba učinkovita, vendar zaradi metodoloških razlik ne moremo podati natančnih priporočil glede najprimernejšega vadbenega programa. Različni vadbeni programi so namreč različno učinkoviti. Za določitev optimalnih parametrov in oblikovanje standardiziranega protokola vadbe so potrebne nadaljnje raziskave.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: diplomska dela, fizioterapija, artroza, kolenski sklep, vibracije celotnega telesa, mišična zmogljivost, bolečina
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
• Kraj izida: Ljubljana
• Založnik: [L. Uhan]
• Leto izida: 2023
• Št. strani: 27 str., [6] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-148105
• UDK: 615.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 161689347
• Datum objave v RUL: 27.07.2023

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Effects of whole-body vibration therapy in patients with knee osteoarthritis - literature review : diploma work

Izvleček

Introduction: Osteoarthritis is the most common joint disorder in the aging population and is characterized by the loss of articular cartilage, thickening of the subchondral bone and the formation of osteophytes, which lead to structural and functional impairments of the joint. Amongst the joints affected by osteoarthritis, the knee is the most prevalent. Patients often suffer from knee pain, stiffness, loss of mobility and decreased muscle strength. Physiotherapy is used to alleviate symptoms and includes various physical modalities as well as kinesiotherapy. Recently, whole-body vibration therapy has been recommended as an effective addition or alternative to resistance strength training. Purpose: The aim of this diploma work was to demonstrate the effects of whole-body vibration therapy on pain and muscle strength, endurance, and power in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Methods: PubMed, PEDro and Cohrane Library databases were searched, using the key words: whole-body vibration, vibration therapy and knee osteoarthritis. We selected the studies for further analysis based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Five randomized controlled trials published between 2016 and 2021 met the criteria. The included studies compared whole-body vibration exercise programs with control groups, who completed the same exercise programs, but without vibration. The included studies were considered of good quality, as they all scored equal to or higher than 6 on the PEDro scale. The results of the analysed studies showed that whole-body vibration therapy can reduce pain and is more effective in improving muscle strength and power of the knee extensors. Whole-body vibration was not associated with significant changes in knee flexor strength. Discussion and conclusion: This review suggest that adding whole-body vibration therapy may provide better treatment effects for patients with knee osteoarthritis. However, due to the methodological differences of the studies we cannot draw clear conclusions regarding the best exercise program. Future research should aim to determine the best frequency, duration, and intensity of whole-body vibration therapy.

• Ključne besede: diploma theses, physiotherapy, osteoarthritis, knee joint, whole-body vibration, muscle performance, pain