Spremembe položaja žensk v urbani družini v maoističnem obdobju : diplomsko delo

Mekina, Manja (author), Veselič, Maja (mentor)

Diplomska naloga obravnava položaj žensk v urbanih družinah v maoističnem obdobju (1949–1976). Kitajska družba je bila vse do 20. stoletja osnovana na konfucijanski miselnosti, ki je ženske umeščala na inferioren položaj. Mao Zedong se je že pred prevzemom oblasti močno zavzemal za problematiko ženske emancipacije. Ženske je videl kot ključ do rešitve pomanjkanja delovne sile, zato jih je s svojim političnim nastopom vanjo vključil, zaradi česar je večina žensk prvič prestopila prag svojega gospodinjstva. Vključitev žensk v delovno silo je predvsem mestnim ženskam prvič nudila ekonomsko neodvisnost in ponovno začrtala družbeni položaj ženske, ki pa je vplival tudi na spremembo njenega položaja znotraj družine, k čemer je pripomogel tudi Zakon o zakonski zvezi, ki je bil sprejet leta 1950. Zakon je kitajskim ženskam dodelil številne pravice, ki jih prej niso poznale. Med drugim je prepovedal dogovorjene poroke, uvedel minimalno starost ob poroki, ženskam pa omogočil pravico do ločitve in pravico do družinske lastnine. Naloga raziskuje, kako se je vloga ženske v družini v urbanih naseljih odmaknila od tradicionalnih konfucijanskih vlog, ki so slonele na poslušnosti do moža, in do kakšne mere se je položaj ženske v družini izenačil s položajem moškega.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: Kitajska, ženske v družini, Mao Zedong, Zakon o zakonski zvezi, urbana naselja
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: FF - Faculty of Arts
• Publication status: Published
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [M. Mekina]
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: 33 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-148087
• UDC: 3(510)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 169894915
• Publication date in RUL: 27.07.2023

Secondary language

• Language: Chinese
• Title: Changes in the Position of Women in an Urban Family during the Mao Era

Abstract

This thesis examines the position of women in urban families during the Mao Era (1949–1976). Before the 20th century, the foundation of Chinese culture had been laid upon the Confucian ideology, which placed women in an inferior position. Even before seizing power, Mao Zedong had already been enthusiastic about the issue of the emancipation of women. He believed women were the key to solving the workforce shortage. After becoming the president of China, he, therefore, made sure to integrate women into the workforce, which allowed many urban women to leave their homes for the first time. The integration of women into the labour force offered urban women to be financially independent and re-established the social position of a woman, which then influenced a change in her role within the family. This was further influenced by the Marriage Law that came into effect in 1950. The law granted Chinese women numerous rights which were unknown to them before. The law prohibited arranged marriage, introduced a minimal marriage age and enabled women divorce rights and family property rights. The paper researches how the role of women in urban areas moved further from the traditional Confucius roles, based on women’s obedience to their husbands, and to what extent the position of women evened out with one of the men.

• Keywords: China, women in a family, Mao Zedong, Marriage Law, urban areas