Olimpijski park v Pekingu : zasnova modernih javnih parkov na prelomu 21. stoletja

Kožuh, Anika (author), Vampelj Suhadolnik, Nataša (mentor)

Diplomska naloga na študiji primera javnega olimpijskega parka v Pekingu preučuje, do kolikšne mere moderni javni parki črpajo elemente iz tradicionalnih zasebnih vrtov ter kako oz. na kakšen način so ti elementi izraženi. V nalogi sem poleg tega poskušala ugotoviti razloge za pojav javnih parkov v Pekingu in njihov pomen in vlogo v življenju ljudi. Hkrati pa me zanima, kakšen odziv so ljudje imeli na prve javne parke in ali tej danes služijo svojemu namenu. Potem ko je Kitajska vzpostavila stik z zahodnimi državami, so Kitajsko doletele številne spremembe na različnih področjih, kar se odraža tudi na področju vrtne arhitekture. Iz Evrope se je v drugi polovici 19. stoletja v Vzhodno Azijo razširila ideja javnih parkov, ki so se na kitajskih tleh prvič pojavili na začetku 20. stoletja. Prvi del naloge je vezan na sestavo kitajskih klasičnih vrtov, ki je tesno povezana z daoizmom, z budizmom in s konfucianizmom. Pravilna postavitev in ravnovesje med različnimi elementi sta ključnega pomena za pravilno oblikovanje vrtov, poleg tega pa pomagata ustvarjati harmonijo med človekom in naravo. Drugi del naloge se nanaša na izvor in razvoj javnih pekinških parkov. Naloga se tu osredotoča na socialne in politične vidike Pekinga v 20. stoletju, ki so na Kitajskem privedli do odprtja zasebnih vrtov za javnost. Moderni parki na Kitajskem danes vključujejo tako abstraktne zahodne elemente kot tudi tradicionalne kitajske elemente. Ravno to je glavna tema diplomske naloge. V njej namreč najprej obravnavam tradicionalne kitajske vrtove, nato pa preidem na izvor modernih javnih parkov v Pekingu ter analiziram integracijo tradicionalnih ter modernih elementov. Analizo izvedem na primeru olimpijskega parka v Pekingu, ustanovljenega leta 2008. Je največja mestna javna zelena površina v Pekingu in je zato ključnega pomena za pekinško ekologijo. Olimpijski park v Pekingu je velikega pomena za kitajsko kulturo in življenja tamkajšnjih prebivalcev ter je dober primer integracije tradicionalnih in sodobnih elementov v sodobni vrtni arhitekturi.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: olimpijski park v Pekingu, moderni javni parki, fengshui, yin yang, tradicionalni kitajski vrtovi
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: FF - Faculty of Arts
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [A. Kožuh]
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: 40 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-148065
• UDC: 7(510)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 166071811
• Publication date in RUL: 26.07.2023

Secondary language

• Language: Chinese
• Title: Beijing Olympic Park : modern park design at the turn of the 21st century

Abstract

My thesis examines to what extent modern public parks draw elements from traditional private gardens and how or in what way these elements are expressed on the case study of the public Olympic park in Beijing. In the assignment, I also tried to find out the reasons for the appearance of public parks in Beijing and their importance and role in people's lives. At the same time, I am interested in how people reacted to the first public parks and whether they serve their purpose today. After China established contact with Western countries, many changes befell China in various fields, which is also reflected in the field of garden architecture. The idea of public parks, which first appeared on Chinese soil at the beginning of the 20th century, spread from Europe to East Asia in the second half of the 19th century. The first part of my thesis is related to the composition of Chinese classical gardens, which is closely related to Daoism, Buddhism and Confucianism. The correct placement and balance between the various elements is crucial to the proper design of gardens, and it also helps to create harmony between man and nature. The second part of the assignment concerns the origin and development of Beijing's public parks. The assignment here focuses on the social and political aspects of Beijing in the 20th century, which led to the opening of private gardens to the public in China. Although modern parks in China today incorporate more abstract Western elements, they still incorporate some traditional Chinese elements. As more and more people visit Chinese parks today, some elements of classical gardens are not suitable. On the contrary, in the modern park you can see many restaurants, souvenir shops, theaters, museums, etc. An example for my research is the Beijing Olympic Park, established in 2008. It is the largest urban public green space in Beijing and is therefore crucial to Beijing's ecology. It has many of the characteristics of traditional parks expressed more discreetly. The Olympic Park in Beijing is of great importance to Chinese culture and the lives of the people there and is a good example of the integration of traditional and modern elements in modern garden architecture.

• Keywords: Beijing Olympic Park, modern public parks, fengshui, yin yang, traditional Chinese gardens