Psihološka pogodba in organizacijska pripadnost: vloga spola in starosti

Jakopič, Tia (author), Boštjančič, Eva (mentor)

Psihološka pogodba in organizacijska pripadnost v veliki meri oblikujeta in vplivata na odnos posameznika do organizacije, v kateri je zaposlen. Ker se koncepta povezujeta s številnimi pozitivnimi izidi, je pomembno, da raziskujemo in poznamo dejavnike, ki (pozitivno) vplivajo nanje. Namen magistrske naloge je bil preučiti vpliv spola in starosti na psihološko pogodbo, organizacijsko pripadnost zaposlenih in odnos med njima. Vzorec je sestavljalo 177 zaposlenih iz poslovne skupine tehnoloških podjetij, katere združuje skupno vodstvo, vizija, cilji in kultura. Za merjenje konstruktov smo uporabili Tilburški vprašalnik o psihološki pogodbi (Tilburg Psychological Contract Questionnaire – TPCQ) in Vprašalnik organizacijske pripadnosti (Organizational Commitment Questionnaire – OCQ). Rezultati so pokazali, da vsebino psihološke pogodbe zaposlenih sestavljajo predvsem obveznosti s področja socialnega vzdušja, organizacijske politike, razvoja kariere in obveznosti vloge. Ugotavljamo, da je vsebina psihološke pogodbe žensk in moških podobna, mlajši (do 35 let) in starejši (35+ let) zaposleni pa se razlikujejo zgolj v zaznanih obveznosti na področju dodatnih obveznosti vloge, pri čemer starejši zaznavajo več obveznosti iz tega področja. Raven organizacijske pripadnosti je zmerno visoka, pri čemer ne ugotavljamo pomembnih razlik med ženskami in moškimi ter mlajšimi in starejšimi zaposlenimi. Analiza je pokazala, da lahko organizacijsko pripadnost zaposlenih napovemo s stopnjo izpolnitve delodajalčevih obljub s področja nagrad in socialnega vzdušja ter izpolnitvijo obveznosti zaposlenih. Organizacijsko pripadnost žensk in mlajših zaposlenih lahko napovemo s stopnjo izpolnitve obveznosti s področja nagrad in področja obveznosti zaposlenega, organizacijsko pripadnost moških pa zgolj s stopnjo izpolnitve obveznosti zaposlenega. Organizacijske pripadnosti starejših zaposlenih ne moremo napovedati s spremenljivkami vključenimi v analizo. Ugotovitve naloge so lahko v pomoč kadrovikom ali vodjem, ki želijo zavestno in ciljno izvajati ukrepe na področju psihološke pogodbe in organizacijske pripadnosti.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: psihološka pogodba, izpolnitev psihološke pogodbe, organizacijska pripadnost, spol, starost
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FF - Faculty of Arts
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [T. Jakopič]
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: 48 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-147593
• COBISS.SI-ID: 159541507
• Publication date in RUL: 08.07.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Psychological contract and organizational commitment: the role of gender and age

Abstract

The psychological contract and organizational commitment can largely shape and influence an individual’s relationship with their employer. As these concepts are associated with different positive outcomes, it is important to explore and understand the factors that can influence them. This master's thesis aimed to investigate how gender and age affect the psychological contract, organizational commitment, and the relationship between the two. The study’s sample included 177 employees from a group of technology companies that all share the same leadership, vision, goals, and culture. To measure the constructs the Tilburg Psychological Contract Questionnaire (TPCQ) and the Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ) were used. The results revealed that employees’ psychological contract mainly consists of obligations related to the social atmosphere, organizational policies, career development, and in-role obligations. The content of the psychological contract was similar for both men and women. However, we found a difference between younger (up to 35 years) and older (35+ years) employees in their perceived obligations related to extra-role obligations, with older employees perceiving more obligations in this area. The level of organizational commitment was moderately high, with no significant differences found between women and men or younger and older employees. Moreover, the analysis indicated that organizational commitment of employees could be predicted by the fulfilment of the psychological contract in the rewards, social atmosphere, and employee obligations area. Specifically, organizational commitment of women and younger employees could be predicted by the psychological contract fulfilment in the area of rewards and employee obligations, while the commitment of men could be predicted by the degree to which employee obligations were fulfilled. In contrast, the organizational commitment of older employees could not be predicted by any of the variables included in the analysis. Our findings can help HR professionals or managers who want to consciously and purposefully implement measures related to the psychological contract and organizational commitment.

• Keywords: psychological contract, psychological contract fulfilment, organizational commitment, gender, age