Sprejem prizemnih analognih in digitalnih radijskih signalov pri končnem uporabniku

BILBAN, VALENTIN (author), Batagelj, Boštjan (mentor)

V zaključni nalogi magistrskega izobraževanja so predstavljeni ključni gradniki in tehnologije za prenos signalov radijskih postaj do končnih uporabnikov. Bistvo naloge so radijske komunikacije, ki omogočajo prenos prizemnih radijskih signalov preko radijskega omrežja do končnih uporabnikov. Uporabniki radijskih sprejemnikov danes za sprejem radijskih postaj še vedno najpogosteje uporabljajo analogne sprejemnike s frekvenčno modulacijo (angl. Frequency Modulation – FM). Analogna FM radiodifuzija se bo v prihodnje začela opuščati, kot se je že pred desetletji začela opuščati radiodifuzija na osnovi analogne amplitudne modulacije (angl. Amplitude Modulation – AM). Razvila pa se je napredna digitalna zvočna distribucija (angl. Digital Audio Broadcasting Plus – DAB+), ki se začenja z vklopom radijskih postaj v omrežja pogosteje uporabljati. Sodobnejša tehnologija prinaša boljšo kakovost zvoka ter dostop do želenih informacij ob poslušanju izbrane radijske postaje. Ker se tehnologija DAB+ postopoma uvaja, je namen te zaključne naloge preveriti vso zbrano teorijo. Zbrani viri opisujejo prenos signalov preko oddajnikov do končnega uporabnika. Že od leta 2016, ko je v Sloveniji začelo oddajati prvo omrežje T-DAB+, sledim vklopu radijskih programov v omrežja in oddajnikov za širjenje omrežja. V tem času sem podrobneje raziskal tehnologijo z meritvami sprejetih radijskih signalov, s tem pa sem pridobil nova znanja, ki sem jih podal v zaključnem delu. Ker se o naprednejši tehnologiji ne ve veliko, sem se odločil, da bom bodočim uporabnikom predstavil to tehnologijo. Prehod z analognega na digitalni radio je počasnejši, kot je bil prehod z analogne na digitalno televizijo. Žal se o konkretnih vklopih radijskih programov v omrežja ne obvešča veliko, saj nekatere radijske postaje, ki že oddajajo v omrežjih, ne obveščajo poslušalcev o tem. Iz tega razloga želim v nalogi prikazati primere sprejema radijskih signalov z različnimi sprejemniki in antenami ter kakšne prednosti prinaša tehnologija T-DAB+. S tem si bodo uporabniki lažje predstavljali, v kakšnih okoliščinah lahko prihaja do prekinitev radijskega signala in novosti, ki jih bodo lahko prebrali na radijskih sprejemnikih, saj jih ob uporabi starejše tehnologije do zdaj niso mogli. Cilj naloge je predstaviti tehnologijo bodočim uporabnikom s preverbo teorije, zbrane z različnih virov. Z meritvami sprejetih signalov želim raziskati ali teorija, ki opisuje prenos signalov od oddajnikov do sprejemnikov drži.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: radio, frekvence, modulacije, polarizacije, oddajniki, sprejemniki, AM, FM, T-DAB, T-DAB+
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: FE - Faculty of Electrical Engineering
• Year: 2023
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-147574
• COBISS.SI-ID: 158197507
• Publication date in RUL: 07.07.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Reception of terrestrial analog and digital radio signals by the end user

Abstract

This master's thesis presents the key building blocks and technologies for the transmission of radio signals to end users. The thesis focuses on radio communications that enable the transmission of terrestrial radio signals over a radio network to end users. Currently, users of radio receivers primarily use analog receivers with Frequency Modulation (FM) for the reception of radio signals. However, analog FM broadcasting will start to phase out in the future, just as analog Amplitude Modulation (AM) broadcasting started to phase out decades ago. On the other hand, Digital Audio Broadcasting Plus (DAB+) has been developed and is increasingly being used as radio stations integrate into networks. This newer and advanced technology offers improved sound quality and access to the desired information when listening to chosen radio stations. As DAB+ technology is gradually being implemented, the purpose of this thesis is to test the gathered theory. The collected sources describe the transmission of signals via transmitters to the end user. Since 2016, when the first T-DAB+ network started broadcasting in Slovenia, I have been monitoring the inclusion of radio programs in the networks and the use of transmitters to expand the network. During this time, I have delved into this technology in greater detail by measuring received radio signals, which has provided me with new knowledge that I present in this thesis. Due to the limited information available about the more advanced technology, I have decided to introduce this technology to future users. The transition from analog to digital radio is slower compared to the transition from analog to digital television. Unfortunately, there is not much information available about the actual inclusion of radio programs in the networks, as some radio stations that are already broadcasting on the networks do not inform listeners about this. Consequently, in this thesis, I aim to provide examples of radio reception using different receivers and antennas, and to highlight the advantages of T-DAB+ technology. This will help users understand the circumstances in which radio signal interruptions can occur and the new features they will be able to access on their radios, which were not possible with older technology. The main objective of this thesis is to introduce the technology to future users by testing the theory gathered from various sources. By measuring the received signals, I intend to investigate whether the theory describing the transmission of signals from transmitters to receivers is accurate.

• Keywords: radio, frequencies, modulation, polarisation, transmitters, receivers, AM, FM, T-DAB, T-DAB+