Položaj otroka in staršev v družinah včasih in danes : diplomsko delo

Grum, Metka (author), Berčnik, Sanja (mentor)

Družina je osnovna enota, v kateri otrok vse doživi prvič. Starša imata zato zelo pomembno vlogo pri otrokovem razvoju in odraščanju. Družina se je čez čas spreminjala, prav tako pa tudi vloga matere in očeta ter otroka. Mama je bila tista, ki je po navadi skrbela za dom in gospodinjska opravila, oče pa je bil tisti, ki je imel avtoriteto in v družino prinašal denar. Sčasoma se je to začelo spreminjati in mama je bila tista, ki se je lahko zaposlila in tako denarno prispevala k družini. Očetje pa se v današnjem svetu vedno bolj vključujejo v vzgojo otroka in pomagajo svoji partnerici. Tako mati kot oče morata biti prisotna pri otrokovi vzgoji, če želimo, da se otrok optimalno razvije na vseh področjih. V teoretičnem delu sem najprej opredelila družino in njene različne definicije. Na kratko sem opisala različne tipe družin. V nadaljevanju sem primerjala družino nekoč in danes ter pojasnila spremembe v družini, ki so se zgodile od preteklosti pa vse do danes. Primerjala sem tudi vlogo mame, očeta in otroka v starih časih in v današnjem svetu. Prav tako pa sem želela dobiti informacije tudi o tem, kako se je spreminjala vzgoja v preteklosti pa vse do danes. V raziskovalnem delu je predstavljena kvalitativna raziskava, in sicer šest polstrukturiranih intervjujev z mamami in očeti različnih starosti. Cilj diplomskega dela je bil ugotoviti, do kakšnih večjih sprememb je prišlo pri vlogah v družini, kako se razlikujeta vloga matere in očeta in kako se je spremenila vzgoja otrok. Rezultati raziskave so pokazali, da so se vloge mame, očeta in prav tako otroka od preteklosti pa do danes spremenile. Oče se vedno pogosteje vključuje v nego otroka in pomaga svoji partnerki. Mama prav tako služi denar in ni več finančno odvisna od moža, otroci pa imajo pravice, ki jih je treba upoštevati. Vzgoja ni več represivna in stroga, ampak so otroci lahko bolj svobodni, poslušajo in upoštevajo pa jih tudi starši.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: družina, vloga, materinstvo, očetovstvo, vzgoja
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: PEF - Faculty of Education
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: M. Grum
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: 50 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-146991
• UDC: 373.2(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 156308995
• Publication date in RUL: 18.06.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Status of Children and Parents in Families in the Past and Today

Abstract

Family is a basic unit social unit that enables a child to experience everything for the first time. Parents thus play a vital role in promoting the development and maturation of their child. Throughout history, the institution family has changed, and so have the roles of motherhood and fatherhood. Traditionally, the mother took care of the home and housework, whereas the father was the authority and the breadwinner. With time, these roles started shifting and the mother was allowed to get a job and provide for the family as well. Today, fathers are increasingly involved in the upbringing of their children, also helping their partners with housekeeping. Both the mother and father must play a part in a child's upbringing to allow for the optimal development of the child across all areas. In the theoretical part of my thesis, I first explained the notion of family by providing different definitions and briefly describing different types of families. In continuation, I compared a traditional family to a contemporary one, and explained how the institution of family has changed throughout history. I also compared the traditional roles of the mother, father, and child to their contemporary counterparts. Lastly, I explored how upbringing has changed throughout history. In the empirical part, I presented my qualitative research, namely six semi-structured interviews, which I conducted with mothers and fathers of different ages. The objective of my thesis was to explore the major changes in the institution of family, pinpoint the differences between the roles of the mother and the father, and find how child upbringing has changed throughout history. The results of my research indicate that the roles of the mother, father, and child have in fact changed. Fathers are increasingly involved in childcare and tend to help their partners to a greater extent; mothers are employed and no longer rely financially on their partners; and children have rights that must be respected. Upbringing is no longer repressive and strict, children now have more liberties, and parents tend to listen to them and take their feelings and opinions into account.

• Keywords: family, role, motherhood, fatherhood, upbringing