Exploiting the sensitivity of dual-frequency smartphones and GNSS geodetic receivers for jammer localization

Pavlovčič Prešeren, Polona (avtor), Dimc, Franc (avtor), Bažec, Matej (avtor)

Smartphones now dominate the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) devices capable of collecting raw data. However, they also offer valuable research opportunities in intentional jamming, which has become a serious threat to the GNSS. Smartphones have the potential to locate jammers, but their robustness and sensitivity range need to be investigated first. In this study, the response of smartphones with dual-frequency, multi-constellation reception capability, namely, a Xiaomi Mi8, a Xiaomi 11T, a Samsung Galaxy S20, and a Huawei P40, to various single- and multifrequency jammers is investigated. The two-day jamming experiments were conducted in a remote area with minimal impact on users, using these smartphones and two Leica GS18 and two Leica GS15 geodetic receivers, which were placed statically at the side of a road and in a line, approximately 10 m apart. A vehicle with jammers installed passed them several times at a constant speed. In one scenario, a person carrying the jammer was constantly tracked using a tacheometer to determine the exact distance to the receivers for each time stamp. The aim was, first, to determine the effects of the various jammers on the smartphones’ positioning capabilities and to compare their response in terms of the speed and quality of repositioning with professional geodetic receivers. Second, a method was developed to determine the position of the interference source by varying the signal loss threshold and the recovery time on the smartphone and the decaying carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR). The results indicate that GNSS observations from smartphones have an advantage over geodetic receivers in terms of localizing jammers because they do not lose the signal near the source of the jamming, but they are characterized by sudden drops in the CNR.

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Ključne besede: geodesy, GNSS, jamming, smartphones, Xiaomi Mi8, Xiaomi 11T, Huawei P40, Samsung S20
• Vrsta gradiva: Članek v reviji
• Tipologija: 1.01 - Izvirni znanstveni članek
• Organizacija: FGG - Fakulteta za gradbeništvo in geodezijo ; FPP - Fakulteta za pomorstvo in promet
• Status publikacije: Objavljeno
• Različica publikacije: Objavljena publikacija
• Leto izida: 2023
• Št. strani: 24 str.
• Številčenje: Vol. 15, iss. 4, art. 1157
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-146654
• UDK: 528
• ISSN pri članku: 2072-4292
• DOI: 10.3390/rs15041157
• COBISS.SI-ID: 143285507
• Datum objave v RUL: 05.06.2023

Gradivo je del revije

• Naslov: Remote sensing
• Skrajšan naslov: Remote sens.
• Založnik: MDPI
• ISSN: 2072-4292
• COBISS.SI-ID: 32345133

Licence

• Licenca: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Priznanje avtorstva 4.0 Mednarodna
• Povezava: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.sl
• Opis: To je standardna licenca Creative Commons, ki daje uporabnikom največ možnosti za nadaljnjo uporabo dela, pri čemer morajo navesti avtorja.

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: geodezija, GNSS, motenje, pametni telefoni, Xiaomi Mi8, Xiaomi 11T, Huawei P40, Samsung S20

Projekti

• Financer: ARRS - Agencija za raziskovalno dejavnost Republike Slovenije
• Številka projekta: P2-0227
• Naslov: Geoinformacijska infrastruktura in trajnostni prostorski razvoj Slovenije

• Financer: ARRS - Agencija za raziskovalno dejavnost Republike Slovenije
• Številka projekta: P2-0394
• Naslov: Modeliranje in simulacije v prometu in pomorstvu