Psihična podpora pacientu v času prejemanja kemoterapije : diplomsko delo

Majstorović, Adnana (author), Thaler, Darja (mentor), Goličnik, Martina (co-mentor), Bizjak, Martina (reviewer)

Uvod: Široka implikacija številk obolevnosti z rakom ter preživetje pacientov, vključuje psihosocialni vpliv bolezni, vključno s čustvenimi posledicami, potrebami po podporni oskrbi in kakovostjo življenja pacientov z rakom in njihovih družin. Prejšnji integrativni pregledi literature in meta-analize so dali nasprotujoče si rezultate glede učinkovitosti psihosocialnih intervencij za paciente z rakom, ki prejemajo kemoterapijo. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil ugotoviti, kakšna je psihična podpora pacientu v času prejemanja kemoterapije. Metode dela: Za doseganje namena diplomskega dela smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo s sistematičnim pregledom literature, osredotočenim na 14 študij s katerimi je bil pregled dokončen, da bi preučili učinkovitost psihosocialnih intervencij pri pacientih z rakom ob prejemanju kemoterapije. Pregled literature je potekal od novembra 2022 do januarja 2023. Zadetke smo ožili z omejitvenimi kriteriji: obdobje 2013–2023, jezik besedila angleščina in slovenščina, brezplačna dostopnost primernih člankov na podlagi pregledanih izvlečkov v polnem besedilu in recenzirani prispevki. Rezultati: Vseh 14 študij je vključevalo paciente z rakom in vseh štirinajst študij je dalo pozitivne rezultate. Analizirali smo devet kvalitativnih študij, dve kvantitativni in tri mešane metode. Na splošno je bila kakovost študij omejena. V treh študijah psihološka oskrba ni bila ustrezno opisana, ena študija ni vsebovala hipoteze in dve niso vključevale jasnih meril za primernost. Rezultati kvantitativne analize so pokazali, da je psihološka oskrba pacientov v času prejemanja kemoterapije učinkovita, povezana z nižjo stopnjo stisk, depresije in anksioznostjo. Kvalitativne ugotovitve so pokazale, da ustrezna psihološka oskrba lahko zmanjša tveganje za pojav depresije pri pacientih z rakom, medtem ko neprejemanje te vodi v anksioznost in druge oblike psihičnih težav ob prejemanju kemoterapije. Dokazi iz kvantitativnih in kvalitativnih študij so se medsebojno dopolnjevali. Razprava in zaključek: Prihodnje študije bi morale graditi na prejšnjih ugotovitvah, uporabljati primerljive rezultate in upoštevati standarde kakovostnih raziskav. Potrebne so kvalitativne študije, da se ugotovi, kaj bolniki z rakom različnih starosti, stopenj raka in rasnega/etničnega porekla menijo, da bi bilo učinkovito posredovanje za obvladovanje njihovih psihosocialnih potreb ob prejemanju kemoterapije.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, citostatiki, psihološka podpora, rak, prilagoditev, pacienti
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [A. Majstorović]
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: 28 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-145607
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 150702339
• Publication date in RUL: 26.04.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Psychological support to the patient at the time of receiving chemotherapy : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: The broad implications of cancer morbidity and patient survival include the psychosocial impact of the disease, including the emotional consequences, supportive care needs, and quality of life of cancer patients and their families. Previous integrative literature reviews and meta-analyses have produced conflicting results regarding the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Purpose: The purpose of the thesis was to find out what kind of psychological support a patient receives during chemotherapy. Work methods: To achieve the aim of the thesis, we used a descriptive method with a systematic review of the literature, focused on 14 studies with a definitive review, to examine the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. The literature review was carried out from November 2022 to January 2023. We narrowed down the results with the restriction criteria: period 2013- 2023, text language English and Slovenian, free availability of suitable articles based on reviewed full-text extracts and peer-reviewed papers. Results: All 14 studies involved cancer patients and all fourteen studies produced positive results. We analyzed nine qualitative studies, two quantitative and three mixed methods. Overall, the quality of the studies was limited. In three studies, psychological care was not adequately described, one study did not include a hypothesis and two did not include clear eligibility criteria. The results of the quantitative analysis showed that the psychological care of patients while receiving chemotherapy is effective, associated with a lower level of distress, depression and anxiety. Qualitative findings have shown that adequate psychological care can reduce the risk of depression in cancer patients, while not receiving it leads to anxiety and other forms of psychological problems while receiving chemotherapy. Evidence from quantitative and qualitative studies complemented each other. Discussion and conclusion: Future studies should build on previous findings, use comparable outcomes, and adhere to quality research standards. Qualitative studies are needed to determine what cancer patients of different ages, cancer stages, and racial/ethnic backgrounds believe would be an effective intervention to manage their psychosocial needs while receiving chemotherapy.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, cytostatics, psychological support, cancer, adaptation, patients