Combined resistance training with aerobic training improves physical performance in patients with coronary artery disease : a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled clinical trial

Kambič, Tim (author), Šarabon, Nejc (author), Lainščak, Mitja (author), Hadžić, Vedran (author)

Background: The efficacy of combined resistance training (RT) and aerobic training (AT) compared with AT alone is well established in cardiac rehabilitation (CR); however, it remains to be elucidated whether RT load (high load [HL] vs. low load [LL]) modifies the outcomes. The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of HL-RT and LL-RT combined with AT in comparison to AT alone on body composition and physical performance in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) enrolled in phase II CR. Methods: We randomized 79 patients with a stable CAD to 12 weeks of lower limb LL-RT + AT (35–40% of one repetition maximum [1-RM]; n = 28), HLRT + AT (70–80% of 1-RM; n = 26), or AT (n = 25). Fifty-nine patients (75% men) with mean (standard deviation) age 61 (8) years and left ventricular ejection fraction 53 (9)% completed LL-RT (n = 19), HL-RT (n = 21) and AT (n = 19). Body composition and physical performance (upper and lower submaximal muscle strength, flexibility, balance, and mobility) were measured at baseline and post-training. Results: Training intervention had no significant impact on time × group interaction in the body composition measures. There was a significant time × group interaction for the gait speed test, chair sit-and-reach test, arm curl test, Stork balance test, up and go test, STS-5, and 6-min walk distance (p-values ≤ 0.001–0.04) following the training intervention. After the training intervention, HL-RT improved gait speed (+12%, p = 0.044), arm curl (+13%, p = 0.037), and time of Up and Go test (+9%, p < 0.001) to a greater extent compared with AT group, while there was a greater improvement in time of Up and Go test (+18%, p < 0.001) and time of five sit-to-stand tests (+14%, p = 0.016) following LL-RT when compared with AT. There were no differences between HL-RT and LL-RT in post-training improvement in any of the physical performance measures. Conclusion: The combination of AT with HL-RT or LL-RT promoted similar improvements in physical performance, which were superior to AT. Therefore, both types of combined AT and RT can be applied to patients with CAD.

• Language: English
• Keywords: strength training, cardiac rehabilitation, myocardial infarction, muscle strength, mobility, balance
• Work type: Article
• Typology: 1.02 - Review Article
• Organization: MF - Faculty of Medicine; FŠ - Faculty of Sport
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Year: 2022
• Number of pages: 13 str.
• Numbering: Vol. 9, art. 909385
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-145360
• UDC: 616.1
• ISSN on article: 2297-055X
• DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.909385
• COBISS.SI-ID: 118989059
• Publication date in RUL: 19.04.2023

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine
• Shortened title: Front. cardiovasc. med.
• Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.
• ISSN: 2297-055X
• COBISS.SI-ID: 523093273

Licences

• License: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Description: This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.

Secondary language

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: srčna rehabilitacija, miokardialno popuščanje, mišična moč, ravnovesje, mobilnost