Mikrobiološka ustreznost pitne vode iz gasilskih cistern : magistrsko delo

Zupanc, Laura (author), Oder, Martina (mentor), Krištof, Romana (co-mentor), Fink, Rok (reviewer)

Uvod: Pravica vsakega državljana RS je dostop do zdravstveno ustrezne pitne vode, ki pa ni zagotovljena vsem. 90 % prebivalstva Slovenije je priključenih na javni vodovod, preostalih 10 % pa ima ali svoj vir pitne vode ali pa je potrebna distribucija pitne vode s pomočjo cistern. Namen: Namen magistrskega dela je ugotoviti skladnost pitne vode z mikrobiološkimi parametri Pravilnika o pitni vodi iz izbranih gasilskih cistern, pip in hidrantov na celjskem območju. Metode dela: V petih izbranih prostovoljnih gasilskih društvih na celjskem območju smo v obdobju od februarja do septembra 2022 skupno odvzeli 50 vzorcev pitne vode iz pip, hidrantov in gasilskih cistern. Pred odvzemom vzorcev smo opravili terenske meritve temperature vode, vrednosti pH, koncentracije prostega, skupnega in vezanega klora. Za analizo mikrobiološkega stanja smo z metodo štetja kolonij ugotavljali prisotnost SŠMO pri 22 °C in 37 °C. Z metodo membranske filtracije smo ugotavljali prisotnost E. coli in enterokokov. Rezultati: Rezultati mikrobioloških analiz pitne vode iz pip in hidrantov so pokazali skladnost z določili Pravilnika o pitni vodi. Mikrobiološki rezultati stagnirane pitne vode v gasilskih cisternah so pokazali neskladje z mikrobiološkimi določili Pravilnika o pitni vodi. V večini odvzetih vzorcev je bilo preseženo SŠMO pri 22 °C in 37 °C, v nekaterih vzorcih pa smo odkrili tudi koliformne bakterije fekalnega izvora. Z odvzetimi vzorci pitne vode iz gasilskih cistern 1 uro po točenju iz hidrantov smo želeli simulirati distribucijo pitne vode do uporabnikov. Mikrobiološki rezultati so pokazali, da je večina odvzetih vzorcev mikrobiološko neustreznih. Razprava in zaključek: Na podlagi opravljene raziskave smo ugotovili, da je zaradi neustreznega vzdrževanja gasilskih cistern in dolgih zadrževalnih časov pitna voda v gasilskih cisternah neustrezna. Stagnacija vode in nedosledno kloriranje namreč vplivata na poslabšanje mikrobiološke kakovosti. Pogostejše menjavanje in izvajanje klornih šokov ob ugotovljenem povečanju mikroorganizmov v vodi bi izboljšala mikrobiološko kakovost pitne vode v cisternah.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: magistrska dela, sanitarno inženirstvo, pitna voda, mikrobiološka kakovost, gasilske cisterne, stagnacija
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [L. Zupanc]
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: 53 str., [1] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-145352
• UDC: 614
• COBISS.SI-ID: 149638659
• Publication date in RUL: 19.04.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Microbial safety of drinking water in fire engine : master thesis

Abstract

Introduction: Access to safe drinking water is a right of every citizen of Republic of Slovenia but is not guaranteed for everyone. 90% of the population of Slovenia is connected to a public water supply, while the remaining 10% either have their own source of drinking water or need to have their drinking water distributed by engines. Purpose: The purpose of master thesis is to determine the compliance of drinking water with the microbiological parameters of the Drinking water Regulations from selected fire engines, taps and hydrants in the Celje area. Methods: A total of 50 drinking water samples were taken from taps, hydrants, and fire engines in five selected volunteer fire brigades in the Celje area between February and September 2022. Before the sampling, water temperature, pH, free, total and bound chlorine concentrations were measured. For the microbiological analysis, the presence of TBC was determined by the colony counting method at 22 ⁰C and 37 ⁰C. The presence of E. coli and enterococci was determined by the membrane filtration method. Results: The results of microbiological analyses of drinking water from taps and hydrants showed compliance with the microbiological provisions of the Drinking water Regulations. The microbiological results of stagnant drinking water in fire engines showed non-compliance with the microbiological provisions of the Drinking water Regulations. Most of the samples exceeded the TBC at 22 ⁰C and 37 ⁰C, and faecal coliforms were detected in some samples. Drinking water samples were taken from fire engines 1 hour after hydrant dispensing to simulate the distribution of drinking water to users. The microbiological results showed that most of the samples taken were non-compliant with the microbiological provisions of the Drinking water Regulations. Discussion and conclusion: Our research has shown that inadequate maintenance of firefighting engines and long retention times make the drinking water in firefighting engines inadequate. Stagnation of water and inconsistent chlorination have an impact on the deterioration of microbiological quality. More frequent changes and chlorine shocks when an increase of microorganisms in the water is detected would improve the microbiological quality of the drinking water in the engines.

• Keywords: master's theses, sanitary engineering, drinking water, microbiological quality, fire engine, stagnation