Regions are connected by common characteristics shared by individual countries of the
international community, and the basis for their formation is geographical proximity. The
Nordic countries are connected by cultural, economic, historical, etc. similarities that separate
the group of mentioned countries from others and form a unique Nordic identity. In the regional
security complex theory, Buzan and Wæver explains that geographical proximity is a key factor
in the construction of a security architecture of the world order, which is further divided into
so-called regional security complexes. Such complexes consist of countries whose
securitization and desecuritization processes are linked to the extent that the security challenges
of an individual state cannot be considered separately from the security challenges of other
countries in such a region. The master's thesis defines the Nordic region, the individual foreign
policy orientations of the Nordic countries, the structure of defence and security cooperation of
the aforementioned countries, the key challenges of security and stability, and the prospects for
the future of strengthening security interactions in Nordic Europe. In thesis, regional security
complex theory represents the key to understanding the security interactions of the Nordic
countries and through the latter the vast security and defence changes that the Nordic countries
have witnessed in recent years are also explained.
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