Extracellular vesicles : a novel tool facilitating personalized medicine and pharmacogenomics in oncology

Goričar, Katja (avtor), Dolžan, Vita (avtor), Lenassi, Metka (avtor)

Biomarkers that can guide cancer therapy based on patients’ individual cancer molecular signature can enable a more effective treatment with fewer adverse events. Data on actionable somatic mutations and germline genetic variants, studied by personalized medicine and pharmacogenomics, can be obtained from tumor tissue or blood samples. As tissue biopsy cannot reflect the heterogeneity of the tumor or its temporal changes, liquid biopsy is a promising alternative approach. In recent years, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a potential source of biomarkers in liquid biopsy. EVs are a heterogeneous population of membrane bound particles, which are released from all cells and accumulate into body fluids. They contain various proteins, lipids, nucleic acids (miRNA, mRNA, and DNA) and metabolites. In cancer, EV biomolecular composition and concentration are changed. Tumor EVs can promote the remodeling of the tumor microenvironment and pre-metastatic niche formation, and contribute to transfer of oncogenic potential or drug resistance during chemotherapy. This makes them a promising source of minimally invasive biomarkers. A limited number of clinical studies investigated EVs to monitor cancer progression, tumor evolution or drug resistance and several putative EV-bound protein and RNA biomarkers were identified. This review is focused on EVs as novel biomarker source for personalized medicine and pharmacogenomics in oncology. As several pharmacogenes and genes associated with targeted therapy, chemotherapy or hormonal therapy were already detected in EVs, they might be used for fine-tuning personalized cancer treatment.

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Ključne besede: pharmacogenomics, cancer, personalized medicine, extracellular vesicle, liquid biopsy, biomarker
• Vrsta gradiva: Članek v reviji
• Tipologija: 1.02 - Pregledni znanstveni članek
• Organizacija: MF - Medicinska fakulteta
• Status publikacije: Objavljeno
• Različica publikacije: Objavljena publikacija
• Leto izida: 2021
• Št. strani: 16 str.
• Številčenje: Vol. 12, art. 671298
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-144671
• UDK: 616-006
• ISSN pri članku: 1663-9812
• DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.671298
• COBISS.SI-ID: 61604099
• Datum objave v RUL: 07.03.2023

Gradivo je del revije

• Naslov: Frontiers in pharmacology
• Skrajšan naslov: Front Pharmacol
• Založnik: Frontiers Media
• ISSN: 1663-9812
• COBISS.SI-ID: 29551833

Licence

• Licenca: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Priznanje avtorstva 4.0 Mednarodna
• Povezava: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.sl
• Opis: To je standardna licenca Creative Commons, ki daje uporabnikom največ možnosti za nadaljnjo uporabo dela, pri čemer morajo navesti avtorja.

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: farmakogenomika, rak, prilagojena medicina