Terapija s pomočjo konja v delovnoterapevtski obravnavi otrok s cerebralno paralizo : diplomsko delo

Esih, Klara (author), Plemelj Mohorič, Alenka (mentor), Gričar, Nevenka (reviewer)

Uvod: Terapije s pomočjo konja so vse terapije, kjer v obravnavi uporabljamo konja in njegovo okolje kot terapevtski medij za doseganje ciljev obravnave. Delovna terapija s pomočjo konja ponuja obravnavo, ki je posebnega značaja, zabavna, navdušujoča, motivacijska ter omogoča celostno obravnavo uporabnika. Pri otrocih s cerebralno paralizo najpogosteje opazimo odstopanja v motoričnih spretnostih, duševne motnje, epileptične napade ter vedenjske in čustvene motnje. Za to temo smo se odločili, saj želimo raziskati učinkovitost rabe terapije s pomočjo konja v delovni terapiji pri otrocih s cerebralno paralizo. Namen: Raziskali smo, kakšni so dokazi o vključevanju terapije s pomočjo konja v delovnoterapevtsko obravnavo otrok s cerebralno paralizo in na katerih področjih izboljša kakovost življenja otrok s cerebralno paralizo. Metode dela: Uporabljena raziskovalna metoda je bila pregled literature. Za iskanje člankov smo določili vključitvene in izključitvene kriterije ter dokumentirali celotno iskanje literature. Po pregledu in vključitvi preglednih člankov smo naredili deskriptivno in kvalitativno vsebinsko analizo s tvorjenjem tem, ki se v študijah najpogosteje ponavljajo. Rezultati: V končno analizo je bilo vključenih deset študij, ki so ustrezale vključitvenim kriterijem. Od teh člankov so bili trije sistematični pregledi literature, dve kvalitativni študiji, tri kvantitativne ter dve študiji z integracijo kvalitativne in kvantitativne metode. Leto objave člankov je bilo med 2007 in 2021. V tematski analizi smo iz pregledanih člankov izluščili pet tem: izboljšano motorično funkcioniranje, izboljšano psihološko in socialno funkcioniranje, izboljšano vključevanje v okupacije in izvajanje okupacij, pomen terapije s pomočjo konja za uporabnike in vpliv okolja in konja. Otroci pridobivajo izboljšave na motoričnem, psihosocialnem, okupacijskem, čustvenem in vedenjskem področju. Razprava in zaključek: Terapija s pomočjo konja pozitivno vpliva na višjo motivacijo otrok za sodelovanje v delovno terapevtski obravnavi. Uporabniki terapijo s pomočjo konja doživljajo kot smiselno aktivnost, z vključenostjo vanjo se počutijo enakovredno sovrstnikom brez zmanjšane zmožnosti. V prihodnosti bi bilo treba izvesti dodatne raziskave o vključevanju terapije s pomočjo konja v delovnoterapevtsko obravnavo oseb s cerebralno paralizo, ki bi se še bolje osredotočile na izboljšave v izvajanju in vključenosti v okupacijo.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, delovna terapija, hipoterapija, aktivnosti s pomočjo konja, otroci s posebnimi potrebami
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [K. Esih]
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: 31 str., [7] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-144355
• UDC: 615.851
• COBISS.SI-ID: 141883651
• Publication date in RUL: 16.02.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Equine-assisted therapy in occupational therapy for children with cerebral palsy : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Equine-assisted therapies are all therapies that use horses and their environment as a therapeutic medium to achieve the set goals. Equine-assisted occupational therapy provides an intervention that is special, fun, inspiring and motivational. Children with cerebral palsy most commonly have problems with motor functioning, mental disorders, epileptic seizures, behavioural and emotional disorders. We made a decision for this theme because we wanted to explore the effectiveness of incorporating equine assisted therapy in occupational therapy for kids with cerebral palsy. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to find out the influence of equine-assisted therapies on children with cerebral palsy and in what aspects of children's lives does it improve the quality of their lives. Methods: In the thesis we used the literature review method. For the search we defined the criteria for the inclusion and exclusion of articles. Then we conducted a descriptive and qualitative analysis and established the themes that were repeated the most. Results: In the final analysis we included ten studies that met our criteria for inclusion. Three of those were systematic literature reviews, two were qualitative studies, three were quantitative studies and two studies integrated qualitative and quantitative methods. The articles were published between the years 2007 and 2021. In the thematic analysis we extracted five themes: improved motor function; improved psychosocial function; improved participation in occupations and better performance of the occupation; the importance of equine-assisted therapy for users; and the impact of the environment and the horse. Equine assisted therapies improve their motor, psychosocial, occupational, emotional and behavioural skills. Discussion and conclusion: Equine-assisted therapies positively enhance children’s motivation for participating in the treatment. The users see equine-assisted therapy as a purposeful activity; by participating in it they feel equal to their peers that do not have a motor or mental dysfunction. In the future it would be beneficial to conduct studies about incorporating equine-assisted therapies in occupational therapy interventions that would focus more on improvements in occupational participation and performance.

• Keywords: diploma theses, occupational therapy, hippotherapy, equine-assisted activities, special needs children