Hrana hišnih živali kot dejavnik tveganja za zdravje njihovih lastnikov : magistrsko delo

Pirnat, Teja (author), Ovca, Andrej (mentor), Jevšnik Podlesnik, Mojca (reviewer)

Uvod: Hišne živali so v današnji družbi postale sestavni del številnih gospodinjstev. Zdravje in dobro počutje hišnih živali je odgovornost, ki jo večina lastnikov jemlje zelo resno. Posledično se lastniki vse bolj zanašajo na visoko kakovostno hrano za hišne živali, ki poleg udobja zagotavlja tudi zdrav razvoj. Dokazano je, da hišna žival prinaša koristi za zdravje njihovim lastnikom. Lastniki živali doživljajo manj anksioznosti in osamljenosti, so bolj telesno aktivni, in imajo dobre odnose z drugimi lastniki ter hitreje okrevajo po bolezni. V zadnjih letih je v porastu »humanizacija« interakcij med lastnikom in hišno živaljo. Industrija hišnih živali se je na to odzvala in lastnike spodbudila, naj večjo pozornost namenijo prehrani svojih živali. Namen: Namen magistrskega dela je s pomočjo namenskega vprašalnika ugotoviti navade lastnikov hišnih živali glede na način prehranjevanja slednjih, razloge lastnikov za prehrano svojih hišnih živali, ki temelji na surovem mesu in drugi surovi hrani, navade lastnikov hišnih živali pri rokovanju s surovo hrano za slednje, znanje in zavedanje lastnikov glede morebitnih tveganj, ki jih surova hrana za hišne živali predstavlja. Metode dela: Zbrali smo vso relevantno literaturo na obravnavanem področju, zasnovali vprašalnik za ciljno populacijo, vprašalnik objavili v interesnih skupinah na družbenih omrežjih in analizirali rezultate s pomočjo statističnih metod. Rezultati: Več kot polovica lastnikov hišnih živali, ki so sodelovali v anketi, v prehrani le-teh uporablja surovo (nepredelano) hrano (surovo meso, surove kosti, surova jajca). Največ lastnikov se je z omenjeno prehrano za hišne živali seznanilo na internetu (37 %), pri veterinarju (20 %), znancih (13 %) in vzrediteljih (13 %). Glavna motivacija za hranjenje hišnih živali s surovo hrano je nadzor lastnika nad tem, kar žival zaužije in korist za zdravje hišnih živali. Skoraj tretjina lastnikov ne ločuje pripomočkov za pripravo hrane za hišne živali in pripravo hrane za člane gospodinjstva. Večina lastnikov (81 %) po uporabi pripomočke in površine temeljito očisti. 35 % lastnikov pred pripravo obroka za hišno žival surovo meso spere. Lastniki si roke bolj pogosto umivajo po pripravi obroka (88 %) za hišno žival kot pred pripravo (67 %). Razprava in zaključek: Ocenjujemo, da obstaja tveganje za zdravje lastnikov pri hranjenju hišnih živali s surovo hrano zaradi neupoštevanja dobre higienske prakse. V raziskavi je ugotovljeno, da nekateri lastniki ne ločujejo pripomočkov za pripravo hrane za hišne živali in pripravo hrane za člane gospodinjstva, ne čistijo in ne razkužujejo dosledno površin in pripomočkov, niso pozorni na datume minimalne trajnosti hrane in si ne umivajo rok po in pred pripravo hrane za hišne živali. V kolikor lastniki ne izvajajo vseh ukrepov dobre higienske prakse, obstaja možnost navzkrižnega onesnaženja. Svetujemo pripravo smernic za lastnike hišnih živali na temo dobre higienske prakse pri pripravi surove hrane za hišne živali.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: magistrska dela, sanitarno inženirstvo, surovo meso, dobra higienska praksa, navzkrižna kontaminacija, higiena rok, hišne živali
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [T. Pirnat]
• Year: 2022
• Number of pages: 44 str., [8] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-144238
• UDC: 614
• COBISS.SI-ID: 140714755
• Publication date in RUL: 05.02.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Pet food as a risk factor for the health of their owners : master thesis

Abstract

Introduction: In today's society, pets have become an important part in many households. The health and well-being of pets is a responsibility that most pet owners take very seriously. As a result, owners are relying more and more on high-quality pet food to ensure not only comfort, but also healthy pet development. It has benn proven that owning a pet has health benefits for the owner. Pet owners have a lower risk of anxiety and loneliness, are better able to interact with other pet owners, and recover more quickly from illness. In recent years, the »humanization« of interactions between the owner and the pet has increased. The pet industry has responded by encouraging owners to pay more attention to their pets' diets. Purpose: The purpose of this master's thesis is to use a questionnaire to determine pet owners' feeding habits, owners' reasons for raw feeding their pets, owners' knowledge and awareness of possible risks of raw feeding, and possible differences among pet owners. Methods: We collected all the relevant literature on the researched topic, designed a questionnaire for the target audience, published the questionnaire in interest groups on social networks and analyzed the results with the help of statistical methods. Results: More than half of pet owners use raw food in the diet of their pets. Most of the owners got acquainted with the raw pet food diet on the internet (37 %), from the veterinarian (20 %), friends (13 %) and breeders (13 %). The main motivation for feeding pets raw food is owners' control over what the animal eats and because of the pet's health benefits. Almost one third of the owners do not separate the equipment for preparing food for pets and their own food. Most owners (81 %) thoroughly clean the tools and surfaces after using them. 35 % of owners wash raw meat before preparing a meal for their pet. Owners wash their hands more often after preparing a meal (88 %) for their pet than before (67 %). Discussion and conclusion: We estimate that there is a risk to the health of owners when feeding pets raw food due to the poor performance of good hygiene practice. The survey found that some owners do not separate utensils for preparing food for pets and food for household members, do not consistently clean and disinfect surfaces and utensils, do not pay attention to food expiration dated and don't wash their hand after and before preparing food for pets. If the owners don't implement all measures of good hygiene practice there is a possibility of cross-contamination. We advise the preparation of guidelines for pet owners on the topic of good hygiene practice in the preparation of raw food for pets.

• Keywords: master's theses, sanitary engineering, raw meat, good hygiene practice, cross contamination, hand hygiene, pets