Vloga medicinske sestre pri svetovanju glede krepitve imunskega sistema starostnikov ter cepljenja : diplomsko delo

Žučko, Lucija (author), Pajnič, Manca (mentor), Zore, Anamarija (reviewer)

Uvod: Naraščajoča populacija starejših naj bi močno obremenjevala svetovne zdravstvene vire, saj je staranje povezano s številnimi boleznimi, ki lahko povzročijo dolgoročne zaplete in znatne stroške. Povečano dovzetnost za nalezljive bolezni povzroča predvsem zmanjšana sposobnost imunskega sistema, da se učinkovito odziva na nove patogene in cepiva. Uspešno staranje se povezuje z dobrim počutjem in sposobnostjo prilagajanja na spremembe, ki jih prinaša starost. Medicinske sestre imajo pomembno vlogo pri izobraževanju in izboljševanju življenja ranljivih skupin. Imunizacija je zaradi svoje uspešnosti in stroškovne učinkovitosti splošno priznana kot eden največjih dosežkov javnega zdravja. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je ugotoviti, kakšna je vloga medicinske sestre pri krepitvi imunskega sistema starostnika in promociji cepljenja. Cilja diplomskega dela sta predstaviti vlogo medicinske sestre pri svetovanju starostnikom glede krepitve imunskega sistema ter opredeliti vlogo medicinske sestre pri promociji cepljenja pri starostnikih. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda dela s pregledom znanstvene in strokovne slovenske ter tuje literature. Iskanje literature je potekalo v podatkovnih bazah: CINAHL, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library in PubMed. Pri iskanju literature so bile uporabljene naslednje ključne besede: imunski sistem/immune system, starostniki/elderly, imunosenescenca/imunosenescence, staranje/aging, cepljenje/vaccination, nalezljive bolezni/infectious diseases, zdravstvena nega/nursing. Uporabljenih je bilo 96 enot literature. Rezultati: Promocija zdravja je eden ključnih konceptov zdravstvene nege. Pomembno vlogo igrajo medicinske sestre na primarni ravni zdravstvenega varstva. Zdrav življenjski slog je pomemben za naravno ohranjanje močne in zdrave imunosti. Kompetenca diplomirane medicinske v okviru promocije zdravja je tudi spodbujanje preventivnih ukrepov, usmerjanje in poučevanje. Preventivno cepljenje je pomembna strategija za izboljšanje individualnega in kolektivnega zdravja. Razprava in zaključek: V svetu hitro naraščata pričakovana življenjska doba in staranje prebivalstva. Nalezljive bolezni so med starejšimi pomemben vzrok za povečano obolevnost in umrljivost. Medicinske sestre imajo pomembno odgovornost na področju pridobivanja znanj, veščin, spoznanj in dokazov za zagotavljanje kakovostne zdravstvene obravnave in oskrbe starostnikov, pri promociji zdravja in spodbujanju zdravega življenjskega sloga.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, staranje prebivalstva, zdrav življenjski slog, nalezljive bolezni, promocija zdravja, dovzetnost za okužbe, diplomirane medicinske sestre
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [L. Žučko]
• Year: 2022
• Number of pages: 43 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-143591
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 135955203
• Publication date in RUL: 29.12.2022

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The role of the nurse in advising on immune support for the elderly and vaccination : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: The growing elderly population is expected to put a heavy strain on global health resources, as aging is associated with many diseases that can cause long-term complications and significant costs. Increased susceptibility to infectious diseases is primarily caused by a reduced ability of the immune system to respond effectively to new pathogens and vaccines. Successful aging is associated with well-being and the ability to adapt to the changes that age brings. Nurses play an important role in educating and improving the lives of vulnerable groups. Immunization is widely recognized as one of the greatest public health achievements due to its success and cost-effectiveness. Purpose: The purpose of this diploma work is to identify the role of the nurse in strengthening the immune system of the elderly and promoting vaccination. The objectives of diploma work are: to present the role of the nurse in counselling the elderly on immune system strengthening and to define the role of the nurse in the promotion of vaccination in the elderly. Methods: A descriptive method of working with a review of scientific and professional literature was used. The literature was searched in databases: CINAHL, Science Direct, Cochrane Library and PubMed. The following keywords were used in the literature search: immune system, elderly, immunosenescence, ageing, vaccination, infectious diseases, nursing. 96 items of literature were used. Results: Health promotion is one of the key concepts of nursing care. Nurses play an important role at the primary level of health care. A healthy lifestyle is important to naturally maintain strong and healthy immunity. The competence of registered nurse in the context of health promotion is also the promotion of preventive measures, guidance and teaching. Preventive vaccination is an important strategy for improving individual and collective health. Discussion and conclusion: Life expectancy and population aging are increasing rapidly in the world. Infectious diseases have increased morbidity among the elderly. Nurses have an important responsibility in the field of acquiring knowledge, skills, insights and evidence for ensuring quality medical treatment and care for the elderly in promoting health and a healthy lifestyle.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, population aging, healthy lifestyle, infectious diseases, health promotion, susceptibility to infections, registered nurses