Coenzyme Q10 is classified as one of the low molar mass antioxidants. Being able to accept and donor electrons is the basis of coenzyme Q10 activities: transporting electrons between protein complexes of the respiratory chain and participating in oxidative phosphorylation, preventing lipid peroxidation and being able to regenerate α-tocopherol. For this reason, coenzyme Q10 plays a significant role in the process of atherosclerosis, the cause of considerable number of cardiovascular diseases, as well.
The aim of this master´s thesis was to carry out a systematic literature review of coenzyme Q10 antioxidative effects in cardiovascular patients and people with high risk for cardiovascular disease. Our main selected parameters were: superoxide dismutase activity, concentrations of malondialdehyde, interleukin 6, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, cholesterol in low density lipoproteins and value of flow mediated dilatation.
While following PRISMA guidelines, we were searching for appropriate literature with our search profile in the databases PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar.
From the total number of 1738 search results we selected 21 studies that met our inclusion criteria. We extracted data from selected studies. Afterwards, we compared the studies that examined comparable cardiovascular conditions. The studies indicated non-consistent connection between coenzyme Q10 intake and SOD activity increase and MDA concentration decrease. The results regarding coenzyme Q10 inflammatory effects were conflictive. The studies did not demonstrate consistent positive coenzyme Q10 effects on the LDL-hol concentration. However, studies did indicate consistent positive effects on FMD value in patients with considerable risk for cardiovascular diseases.
Based on our literature review we conclude that studies indicated non-consistent antioxidant coenzyme Q10 effects and due to the limited data we would need more quality studies to be able to confirm these findings.
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