Ocenjevanje somatosenzoričnih okvar pri osebah po možganski kapi : diplomsko delo

Dejak, Maja (author), Ocepek, Julija (mentor), Gričar, Nevenka (reviewer)

Uvod: Možganska kap predstavlja globalno zdravstveno težavo in velik svetovni izziv za javno zdravje. Med pogostejše posledice možganske kapi uvrščamo okvare motoričnega in senzoričnega sistema ter govorne in kognitivne okvare. Okvare somatosenzoričnega sistema se pojavijo pri približno 80 % oseb po možganski kapi in vplivajo na prepoznavanje somatosenzoričnih informacij, izvajanje aktivnosti, ki zahtevajo uporabo teh informacij, in na rezultate rehabilitacije. Za ocenjevanje okvar somatosenzoričnega sistema so potrebni zanesljivi in veljavni ocenjevalni instrumenti. Namen: Predstaviti pomen ocenjevanja somatosenzoričnih okvar v delovnoterapevtski obravnavi pri osebah po možganski kapi in ugotoviti, kateri ocenjevalni instrumenti se uporabljajo na tem področju. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila kvalitativna raziskovalna metoda, pregled znanstvene literature in elektronskih virov s področja ocenjevanja somatosenzoričnih okvar pri osebah po možganski kapi. Iskanje literature je bilo opravljeno s pomočjo elektronskih baz: PubMed, CINAHL, Medline in ScienceDirect, pod ključnimi besedami: možganska kap, ocenjevanje, somatosenzorične okvare. V analizo so bile vključene raziskave, objavljene med leti 2010 in 2020 v angleškem jeziku, ki vključujejo ocenjevanje somatosenzoričnih okvar pri osebah po možganski kapi. Rezultati: V končno analizo je bilo vključenih osem znanstvenih raziskav, od tega vse s kvantitativno zasnovo. Kvalitativna sinteza podatkov je podala tri teme za razpravo: Rivermeadova ocena somatosenzorične funkcije, Nottinghamsko senzorično ocenjevanje in njegovi različici ter Fugl-Meyerjeva lestvica. Razprava in zaključek: Ocenjevanje somatosenzoričnih okvar je pomembno predvsem za načrtovanje učinkovitih intervencij in vrednotenje učinka rehabilitacije. V pregledani literaturi smo našli več standardiziranih ocenjevalnih instrumentov, ki se uporabljajo za ocenjevanje somatosenzoričnih okvar. To so Rivermeadova ocena somatosenzorične funkcije, Notthingamsko senzorično ocenjevanje in njegove različice ter Fugl-Meyerjeva lestvica. Vsi ocenjevalni instrumenti, razen Fugl-Meyerjeve lestvice, so se izkazali za zanesljive in veljavne instrumente za ocenjevanje somatosenzoričnih okvar pri osebah po možganski kapi.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, delovna terapija, ocenjevalni instrumenti, cerebrovaskularni inzult, somatosenzorični sistem, motnje
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [M. Dejak]
• Year: 2022
• Number of pages: 22 str., [4] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-143260
• UDC: 615.851
• COBISS.SI-ID: 133287427
• Publication date in RUL: 10.12.2022

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Somatosensory assessment after stroke : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Stroke is a global health problem and major public health challenge. Among the more frequent consenquences of a stroke are impairment of the motor and sensory system, as well as speech and cognitive impairments. Somatosensory deficit represent a common impairment following stroke and have a prevalence rate of around 80 % in stroke survivors. Somatosensory impairment after stroke influence the recognition of somatosensory information, the performance that require the use of this information and the results of rehabilitation. To assess impairments are needed reliable and valid assessment tools. Purpose: To present the importance of assessing somatosensory impairments in occupational therapy and to find out which assessment tools are used to assess somatosensory impairments after stroke. Methods: A qualitative methodological approach was used, a review of the literature on the topic of assessment of somatosensory impairments after stroke was made. The literature was collected with the help of online databases: PubMed, CINAHL, Medline and ScienceDirect. The search was conducted with the following keywords: stroke, assessment, and somatosensory. The analysis included articles published between 2010 and 2020, in English, that include assessment of somatosensory impairment after stroke. Results: Eight scientific articles were included in the final analysis, of which all of them are quantitative. Qualitative data synthesis provided three topics for discussion: Rivermead Assessment of Somatosensory Performance, Notthingham Sensory Assessment and its versions and Fugl-Meyer Assessment. Discussion and conclusion: Assessment of somatosensory impairment after stroke is important for planning effective interventions and evaluating the effect of rehabilitation. In the reviewed literature we found several standardized assessment tools used for assessing somatosensory impairments. These are Rivermead Assessment of Somatosensory Performance, Nottingham Sensory Assessment and its versions, and Fugl-Meyer Assessment. All assessment tools, except the Fugl-Meyer Assessment, have been shown to be reliable and valid instruments for assessing somatosensory impairment after stroke.

• Keywords: diploma theses, occupational therapy, assessment tools, cerebrovascular insult, somatosensory system, impairment