Analiza genetske raznolikosti slovenskih akcesij čebule (Allium cepa L.)

Doljak, Žiga (author), Jakše, Jernej (mentor), Pipan, Barbara (comentor)

Čebula (Allium cepa. L) je dvoletna zelenjadnica iz družine narcisovk (Amaryllidaceae L.). Zaradi njenega velikega pomena na svetovnem trgu, se izvaja vse več znanstvenih raziskav usmerjenih v preučevanje genetske raznolikosti in pridobivanja linij odpornih na zunanje dejavnike. Z uporabo DNA markerjev smo opravili analizo genetske raznolikosti 60 slovenskih akcesij čebule, kjer je bila vsaka od njih zastopana s štirimi individualnimi rastlinami/genotipi, dodatno smo vključili še tri standarde (dve komercialni sorti in en hibrid). Rezultate dominantne in kodominatne genotipizacije smo analizirali in predstavili s pomočjo različnih programov populacijske genetike. Skupno smo 243 genotipov analizirali na 26 DNA lokusih. Najprej smo izvedli kodominantno genotipizacijo z uporabo petih PCR specifičnih in lastnostno vezanih DNA markerjev, s katerimi smo uspešno identificirali fertilno citoplazmo (N), avtoplazemske mutacije na normalni citoplazmi (T) in prisotnost moške sterilne citoplazme v 58 % deležu populacije. V drugem sklopu smo s 15 SSR markerji (angl. Simple Sequence Repeats) in 6 ILP markerji (angl. Intron Length Polymorphism) izvedli alelno genotipizacijo ter analizirali genetsko raznolikost in variabilnost med akcesijami in znotraj njih. Celotna zbirka akcesij se razdeli na tri skupine, kjer je genetska raznolikost največja znotraj druge skupine (Fst = 0,16), najmanjša pa znotraj tretje skupine (Fst = 0,12). Z analizo AMOVA smo ugotovili 34 % raznolikost znotraj genotipov, 39 % med njimi in 27 % med posameznimi akcesijami. Preko izračunane povprečne vrednosti Shannonovega informacijskega indeksa (1,370) in pričakovane heterozigotnosti (0,714) smo ugotovili, da med akcesijami čebule obstaja visoka genetska raznolikost. Gre za prvo tovrstno vrednotenje čebule, ki podaja informacijo o genetskem ozadju, stopnji sorodstva ter splošni genetski raznolikosti slovenskih akcesij čebule.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: čebula, genetska raznolikost, DNA markerji, genotipizacija, alelni profili
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Year: 2022
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-142853
• COBISS.SI-ID: 131679235
• Publication date in RUL: 30.11.2022

DOLJAK, Žiga, 2022, Analiza genetske raznolikosti slovenskih akcesij čebule (Allium cepa L.) [online]. Master’s thesis. [Accessed 5 April 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=142853

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Analysis of genetic diversity of Slovenian onion accessions (Allium cepa L.)

Abstract

The onion (Allium cepa. L.) is a biennial vegetable of the daffodil family (Amaryllidaceae L.). Due to its great importance on the world market, more and more scientific studies are being carried out on genetic diversity and the acquisition of varieties resistant to external factors. Using DNA markers, we analysed the genetic diversity of 60 Slovenian onion accessions, each of them represented by four individual plants/genotypes, additionally we included three standards (two commercial varieties and one hybrid). The results of the dominant and codominant genotyping were analysed and presented using different population genetic programmes. A total of 243 genotypes were analysed at 26 DNA loci. First, we performed codominant genotyping with five PCR-specific and trait-linked DNA markers, which successfully distinguished fertile cytoplasm (N) from an autoplasmic mutation on normal cytoplasm (T) and the presence of male sterile cytoplasm in 58 % of the population. In the second group, we performed allelic genotyping with 15 SSR (angl. Simple Sequence Repeats) and 6 ILP (angl. Intron Length Polymorphism) markers and analysed the genetic diversity and variability between and within accessions. The entire accession collection is divided into three groups, with genetic diversity highest within the second group (Fst = 0,16) and lowest within the third group (Fst = 0,12). The AMOVA analysis showed a diversity of 34 % within genotypes, 39 % between them and 27 % between the individual accessions. Using the calculated average Shannon information index (1,370) and expected heterozygosity (0,714), we found that there is high genetic diversity among onion accessions. This is the first onion evaluation of its kind to provide information on the genetic background, degree of relatedness and overall genetic diversity of Slovenian onion accessions.

• Keywords: onion, genetic diversity, DNA markers, genotyping, allelic profiles