Vpliv elastičnega traku na položaj kolena med počepom - pregled literature : diplomsko delo

Kavčič, Anja (author), Palma, Polona (mentor), Hiti, Nina (reviewer)

Uvod: Počep z olimpijsko palico je sestavljena vaja, s katero razvijamo najmočnejše mišice v človeškem telesu. Ocenjuje se, da je med izvedbo aktivnih okrog 200 mišic. Uporaba elastičnega traku, nameščenega preko distalnega dela stegen, kot proprioceptivna pomoč pri počepu, se uporablja z namenom ohranjanja nevtralnega položaja kolen. Specifični učinki elastičnega traku, nameščenega preko distalnega dela stegen, med počepom niso jasni. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil na podlagi pregleda literature raziskati, ali lahko z nameščanjem elastičnega traku preko distalnega dela stegen vplivamo na položaj kolena in zmanjšamo valgus med počepom. Metode dela: Za izdelavo diplomskega dela je bila uporabljena deskriptivna metoda. Iskanje literature je potekalo v podatkovni zbirki PubMed. Uporabljene so bile naslednje besede in besedne zveze v angleškem jeziku: squat AND knee, elastic band AND squat, band loop AND knee kinematics, knee kinematics AND squat, knee valgus AND squat, knee valgus AND elastic band, resistance band AND squat. Rezultati: Na podlagi ključnih besed je bilo najdenih 18 člankov. Vključitvenim in izključitvenim kriterijem je ustrezalo 5 raziskav, ki so bile vključene v nadaljnjo analizo. Podatki so bili v treh raziskavah zbrani znotraj ene seje in v dveh raziskavah znotraj dveh ločenih sej. Uporabljeni so bili elastični trakovi različnih težavnosti. Preiskovanci so izvajali počepe z in brez elastičnega traku z lastno težo in z olimpijsko palico z dodatnim bremenom. V eni raziskavi so izvajali tudi skoke. Valgus kolen so izračunali z indeksom širine kolen ali pa so izmerili kot največjega valgusa kolen. Rezultati vseh analiziranih raziskav so pokazali, da elastični trak ne pripomore k zmanjšanju valgusa kolen, temveč ga celo poveča. Razprava in zaključek: Avtorji raziskav odsvetujejo uporabo elastičnega traku med izvajanjem počepov pri zdravljenju različnih poškodb spodnjih udov in v vadbenih programih, saj povzročijo večje tveganje za poškodbo kolen. Zaključimo lahko, da elastični trak ne služi kot dober dodatek proprioceptivnih prilivov. V prihodnje bi bilo smiselno raziskati dolgoročne učinke elastičnega traku na položaj kolena med počepom ter zagotoviti večji vzorec preiskovancev in večji starostni razpon le-teh.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, fizioterapija, valgus kolen, kolenski sklep, elastični trakovi, počep
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [A. Kavčič]
• Year: 2022
• Number of pages: 27 str., [3] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-142753
• UDC: 615.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 130764291
• Publication date in RUL: 24.11.2022

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The influence of elastic band on knee kinematics during the squat - literature review : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: The Olympic bar squat is a compound exercise that develops the strongest muscles in the human body. It is estimated that around 200 muscles are active during the exercise. The use of an elastic band placed over the distal part of the thighs as a proprioceptive aid in squatting is used in order to maintain a neutral knee position. The specific effects of the elastic band placed over the distal part of the thighs during squatting are not clear. Purpose: The aim of this diploma work was to investigate, based on a literature review, whether placing an elastic band over the distal part of the thighs can influence knee position and reduce knee valgus during squatting. Methods: The descriptive method was used for the elaboration of the thesis. The literature search was conducted in the PubMed database. The following words and phrases in English were used: squat AND knee, elastic band AND squat, band loop AND knee kinematics, knee kinematics AND squat, knee valgus AND squat, knee valgus AND elastic band, resistance band AND squat. Results: 18 articles were found based on keywords. Five studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were included in the further analysis. Data were collected in three studies within one session and in two studies within two separate sessions. Elastic bands of varying difficulty were used. Subjects performed squats with and without an elastic band under their own weight and with an Olympic bar with an additional load. In one study, jumping was also included. Knee valgus was calculated using the knee-width index or measured as the maximum valgus angle of the knees. The results of all the studies analysed showed that the elastic band does not help to reduce knee valgus, but actually increases it. Discussion and conclusion: The authors of the studies advise against the use of elastic bands during squatting in the treatment of various lower limb injuries and in exercise programmes, as they increase the risk of knee injury. We can conclude that the elastic band does not serve as a good addition to proprioceptive inflows. Future research should investigate the long-term effects of the elastic band on knee position during squatting and provide a larger sample size and age range.

• Keywords: diploma theses, physiotherapy, knee valgus, knee joint, elastic bands, squat