Osebni dejavniki duševnega zdravja zdravstvenih delavcev v času epidemije COVID-19 : magistrsko delo

Pregelj, Anja (author), Kavčič, Tina (mentor), Kvas, Andreja (reviewer)

Uvod: Epidemija COVID-19 in z njo povezane posledice so imele velik vpliv na duševno zdravje vseh ljudi, izstopali pa so zdravstveni delavci. Ti so intenzivneje kot pred epidemijo doživljali simptome anksioznosti, depresivnosti, nespečnosti in somatske simptome, imeli so večje tveganje za nastanek posttravmatske stresne motnje in izgorelosti. Namen: Namen magistrskega dela je bil ugotoviti, kakšno je duševno zdravje slovenskih medicinskih sester in zdravstvenikov ter zdravnic in zdravnikov v času petega vala epidemije COVID-19 ter kaj je k temu pripomoglo. Metode dela: Za izdelavo magistrskega dela je bila v teoretičnem delu uporabljena deskriptivna metoda dela, ki vključuje proučevanje literature v slovenskem in angleškem jeziku. Drugi del magistrskega dela je bil empiričen in je vključeval anketo. Udeleženci so poročali o svojih demografskih značilnostih in značilnostih svojega delovnega mesta; o čustvenem, psihološkem in socialnem blagostanju s pomočjo vprašalnika MHC-SF; doživljanju depresivnosti, anksioznosti in stresa s pomočjo vprašalnika DASS-21; s pomočjo vprašalnika PFI pa tudi o profesionalni izpolnitvi in izgorelosti. Rezultati: Analiza je pokazala pomembno vlogo spola, poklica, izobrazbe in delovišča v posameznih vidikih duševnega zdravja zdravstvenih delavcev. Višja raven anksioznosti je bila značilna za ženske v primerjavi z moškimi ter za medicinske sestre in zdravstvenike v primerjavi z zdravnicami in zdravniki. Vsi merjeni vidiki duševnega zdravja so bili razmeroma najmanj ugodni pri zdravstvenih delavcih z 2. stopnjo izobrazbe ali univerzitetno izobrazbo, najbolj ugodni pa pri tistih z znanstvenim magisterijem ali doktoratom. Delo s pacienti s COVID-19 je imelo nasploh neugoden učinek na duševno zdravje zdravstvenih delavcev, še posebej, če so s temi pacienti delali na oddelku za intenzivno terapijo. Razprava in zaključek: Raziskava je potekala v času petega vala epidemije COVID-19 v Sloveniji, ki je bil do takrat najhujši val, v bolnišnicah pa je bilo največ pacientov s to boleznijo. Ključen dejavnik tveganja za manj ugodno subjektivno blagostanje in povišano raven težav v duševnem zdravju je bilo delo s pacienti s COVID-19, zlasti na oddelkih intenzivne terapije. Prepoznavanje dejavnikov tveganja in varovanja duševnega zdravja zdravstvenih delavcev v zahtevnih okoliščinah lahko pomaga delovnim organizacijam pri oblikovanju učinkovitih preventivnih in intervencijskih programov.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: magistrska dela, zdravstvena nega, koronavirus, zdravstveni delavci, dejavniki tveganja, duševno zdravje
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [A. Pregelj]
• Year: 2022
• Number of pages: 54 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-142027
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 126091523
• Publication date in RUL: 17.10.2022

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Personal factors of health workers' mental health during COVID-19 pandemic : master thesis

Abstract

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic and associated consequences have had a major impact on everyone's mental health, especially on that of the healthcare workers. Compared to the period prior to the pandemic, they experienced more intense symptoms of anxiety, depression, insomnia, and somatic symptoms, and they were at higher risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder and burnout. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis was to establish the state and factors of mental health of Slovene nurses and physicians during the fifth wave of COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A descriptive method has been used in the theoretical part, which included the analysis of literature in Slovene and English. The second part of the master's thesis was empirical, and it included a survey. The participants reported about their demographic characteristics and the characteristics of their work place, their emotional, psychological and social well-being using the MHC-SF questionnaire; their experienced depression, anxiety, and stress using the DASS-21 questionnaire; using the PFI questionnaire they also reported on their professional fulfilment and burnout. Results: The analyses showed a significant role of gender, profession, education and work area in different aspects of healthcare workers' mental health. Higher level of anxiety was found in women compared to men and in nurses compared to physicians. All aspects of mental health under investigation were the least favourable in healthcare workers who had a Bologna second cycle degree or a university degree, while the most favourable mental health appeared to be associated with a scientific masters or PhD. Overall, working with COVID-19 patients had a negative impact on health workers' mental health, especially when they worked with the patients in the intensive care unit. Discussion and conclusion: This study was conducted during the fifth wave of the COVID -19 pandemic in Slovenia, which was the worst wave up to that time, and hospitals had the highest number of COVID -19 patients. The crucial risk factor for reduced subjective well-being and elevated mental health problems was working with COVID-19 patients, especially in the intensive care unit. Identifying the risk and protective factors for healthcare workers' mental health in demanding circumstances can help work organisations establishing efficient preventive and intervention programmes.

• Keywords: master's theses, nursing care, coronavirus, healthcare workers, risk factors, mental health