The GALAH+ survey : a new library of observed stellar spectra improves radial velocities and hints at motions within M67

Zwitter, Tomaž (author), Kos, Janez (author), Čotar, Klemen (author), Beeson, Kevin Luke (author), Vogrinčič, Rok (author)

GALAH+ is a magnitude-limited survey of high-resolution stellar spectra obtained by the HERMES spectrograph at the Australian Astronomical Observatory. Its third data release provides reduced spectra with new derivations of stellar parameters and abundances of 30 chemical elements for 584 015 dwarfs and giants, 88 per cent of them in the Gaia magnitude range 11 < G < 14. Here, we use these improved values of stellar parameters to build a library of observed spectra which is useful to study variations of individual spectral lines with stellar parameters. This and other improvements are used to derive radial velocities with uncertainties which are generally within 0.1 km s$^{−1}$ or ∼25 per cent smaller than in the previous release. Median differences in radial velocities measured here and by the Gaia DR2 or APOGEE DR16 surveys are smaller than 30 m s$^{−1}$, a larger offset is present only for Gaia measurements of giant stars. We identify 4483 stars with intrinsically variable velocities and 225 stars for which the velocity stays constant over ≥3 visits spanning more than a year. The combination of radial velocities from GALAH+ with distances and sky plane motions from Gaia enables studies of dynamics within streams and clusters. For example, we estimate that the open cluster M67 has a total mass of ∼3300 M$_⊙$ and its outer parts seem to be expanding, though astrometry with a larger time-span than currently available from Gaia eDR3 is needed to judge if the latter result is real.

• Language: English
• Keywords: Galaxy, spectroscopy, kinematics, dynamics, methods, data analysis, surveys, stars, fundamental parameters, open clusters and associations, individual stars, M67
• Work type: Article
• Typology: 1.01 - Original Scientific Article
• Organization: FMF - Faculty of Mathematics and Physics
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Year: 2021
• Number of pages: Str. 4202-4215
• Numbering: Vol. 508, iss. 3
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-141911
• UDC: 524.3
• ISSN on article: 1365-2966
• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stab2673
• COBISS.SI-ID: 83933187
• Publication date in RUL: 11.10.2022

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• Shortened title: Mon. not. R. Astron. Soc.
• Publisher: Blackwell Science
• ISSN: 1365-2966
• COBISS.SI-ID: 1870180

Licences

• License: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Description: This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.