Primerjava uporabe rahljalnika in obračalnega pluga pri pridelavi koruze

Kastelic, Boštjan (author), Vučajnk, Filip (mentor)

V letu 2021 smo na težkih tleh v Globodolu pri Mirni Peči izvedli poljski poskus, v katerem smo primerjali obračalni plug s 4 plužnimi telesi in rahljalnik na nastavljeni globini obdelave 10 cm in na globini obdelave 15 cm. Rahljalnik je bil opremljen s tremi vrstami nogač z vzmetnim varovanjem pred ovirami, z diski in zobatim valjarjem. Pri delu z omenjenimi stroji smo odčitali delovno hitrost iz traktometra in porabo goriva iz traktorskega terminala. Iz teh podatkov smo izračunali površinsko (ha/h) in časovno storilnost (h/ha) ter porabo goriva na hektar (l/ha). Nato smo tla obdelali z vrtavkasto brano in s podtlačno sejalnico posejali koruzo. Izmerili smo vznik in razdaljo med rastlinami v vrsti. Na koncu smo ročno potrgali storže in izmerili pridelek zrnja. Pri delu z rahljalnikom na obeh globinah 10 in 15 cm je bila večja površinska storilnost ter manjša časovna storilnost kot pri obračalnem plugu. Poraba goriva na hektar je bila največja (19,9 l/ha) pri obračalnem plugu in najmanjša (12,8 l/ha) pri uporabi rahljalnika na globini 10 cm. Pridelek zrnja je bil manjši (6117 kg/ha) na zemljišču z rahljalnikom na globini obdelave 10 cm kot pri ostalih dveh obravnavanjih. Največji (85,3 %) povprečni vznik rastlin je bil izmerjen pri rahljalniku na 10 cm, medtem ko ni bilo večjih razlik v razdalji med rastlinami v vrsti med obravnavanji.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: kmetijski stroji, rahljalnik, obračalni plug, koruza
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Year: 2022
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-141675
• COBISS.SI-ID: 124378115
• Publication date in RUL: 05.10.2022

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Comparison of the use of stubble cultivator and reversible plough in maize production

Abstract

In 2021, the field trial was done on heavy soil in Globodol near Mirna Peč, in which reversible plough with 4 ploughing bodies and stubble cultivator with adjusted working depth of 10 cm and 15 cm was compared. Stubble cultivator was equipped with three rows of tines with spring overload protection, discs and tooth roller. When working with these machines the working speed was read from tractometer and the fuel consumption from tractor terminal. Area efficiency (ha/h), time efficiency (h/ha) and fuel consumption per hectare (l/ha) was calculated from these data. Then the soil was cultivated using rotary harrow and the seed was planted with the pneumatic vacuum planter. We measured also plant emergence and the distance between plants in the row. At the end the maize clips were picked up by hand and the yield was calculated. When working with stubble cultivator at both working depths of 10 cm and 15 cm the area efficiency was higher and the time efficiency was smaller compared to reversible plough. Fuel consumption was the largest (19.9 l/ha) at reversible plough and the lowest (12.8 l/ha) at stubble cultivator at 10 cm working depth. On the trial plot where stubble cultivator at 10 cm working depth was used the grain yield was lower (6,117 kg/ha) in comparison to other two treatments. The highest plant emergence (85.3%) was achieved at stubble cultivator at 10 cm depth, while there were no larger differences between treatments regarding distance between plants in the row.

• Keywords: agricultural machinery, stubble cultivator, reversible plough, maize