The thesis attempts to shed light on Kant's view of human nature through his moral philosophy and anthropology. On one hand, Kant talks about human egoism and radical evil, and on the other hand, about learned politeness, which helps us on the way to respect the fundamental moral law. Kant does not have an explicit theory of human nature, because he himself claims that it is impossible to know it in detail. In the development of a moral compass, education is especially important, because through it a person learns to behave in a civilized way. Kant saw revolution as a means by which humanity progresses morally. He argues this with the help of the French Revolution. In the case of a revolutionary event, Kant emphasizes above all the aspect of the enthusiasm of the participants and especially the observers. Here they are quite similar to Marx, except that the latter focuses more on the role of direct actors.
|
