Kakovost življenja otrok s Crohnovo boleznijo : diplomsko delo

Huselja, Albina (author), Thaler, Darja (mentor), Kamenšek, Tina (comentor), Mlinar, Suzana (reviewer)

Uvod: Kronična vnetna črevesna bolezen se v grobem deli na Crohnovo bolezen in ulcerozni kolitis. Je avtoimunska nenalezljiva bolezen. Crohnova bolezen prizadene del gastrointestinalnega trakta. Bolezen in lajšanje simptomov v življenju zahtevata spremembo, ki znatno vpliva na kakovost življenja otrok in staršev. Namen: Z diplomskim delom želimo predstaviti Crohnovo bolezen in vpliv prehrane nanjo, predstaviti želimo tudi vlogo medicinskih sester pri otrocih s to boleznijo ter raziskati, kako otroci in starši doživljajo Crohnovo bolezen. Metode dela: Uporabili smo deskriptivno metodo dela s pregledom angleške in slovenske strokovne in znanstvene literature. Literaturo smo iskali s pomočjo podatkovnih baz CINAHL, PubMed, COBIB in Science Direct. Vključitveni kriteriji so bili jezik literature – angleški ali slovenski, objava med letoma 2012 in 2022 ter omogočen celoten dostop besedila. V končno analizo je bilo vključenih 14 člankov. Rezultati: Otroci s Crohnovo boleznijo in njihovi starši imajo slabšo kakovost življenja v primerjavi z zdravimi vrstniki. Na kakovost življenja med drugim vplivajo nepredvidljivi simptomi, prehrana in strah pred uporabo javnega stranišča. Otroci so zaradi Crohnove bolezni psihično obremenjeni, kar doprinaša k visokemu tveganju za depresijo in tesnobo. Otroci so zaradi Crohnove bolezni in posledičnih zdravniških pregledov ter hospitalizacij pogosto odsotni iz šole in se ne vključujejo v šolske ali izvenšolske dejavnosti. Razprava in zaključek: Slaba kakovost življenja ni prisotna samo v času aktivne bolezni, ampak spremlja otroka tudi takrat, ko se stanje začasno izboljša. Pomembno je, da se pri zdravljenju bolezni poudarja pomen psihične podpore in terapije. Medicinska sestra mora dobro poznati bolezen, saj lahko le tako uspešno in pozitivno vpliva na otroke, ki se soočajo s Crohnovo boleznijo, in njihove starše.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, kronična vnetna črevesna bolezen, prilagodljivost življenja, družina, prehrana
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [A. Huselja]
• Year: 2022
• Number of pages: 29 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-140661
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 122150147
• Publication date in RUL: 17.09.2022

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Quality of life in children with Crohn's disease : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic inflammatory bowel disease is a term for two conditions: Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. This is an autoimmune disease, which is not infectious. Crohn's disease is characterised by inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. This disease and relief of its symptoms require a change in lifestyle, which has a considerable effect on the quality of life of affected children and parents. Purpose: The aim of this paper is to present Crohn's disease and how it is influenced by diet as well as the role of nurses in working with children suffering from this disease. Another aim of this paper is to study how children and parents experience Crohn's disease. Methods: We used the descriptive method, including a review of English and Slovene professional and scientific literature. The literature was found in the CINAHL, PubMed, COBIB and Science Direct databases. According to our inclusion criteria, we studied articles written in English or Slovene, published between the years 2012 and 2022 and accessible in entirety. The final analysis included 14 articles. Results: Children with Crohn's disease and their parents have a poorer quality of life compared to their healthy peers. Among other factors, quality of life is influenced by unforeseen symptoms, diet and fear from using a public toilet. As a result of having Crohn's disease, children are under a lot of mental stress, which increases the risk for depression and anxiety. Due to Crohn's disease and consequent medical examinations and hospitalisations, children are often absent from school and do not take part in curricular or extracurricular activities. Discussion and conclusion: Children's quality of life is poor not only when the disease is active, but also when its condition temporarily improves. It is essential to stress the importance of mental support and therapy during treatment. Nurses must be well-familiar with the disease, as this is the only way they can have a positive effect on children suffering from Crohn's disease and their parents.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, chronic inflammatory bowel disease, adaptability of life, family, diet