Zaton anarhizma na Kitajskem v 20-ih letih 20. stoletja

Krevs, Vida (author), Rošker, Jana S. (mentor)

Diplomsko delo poizkuša ugotoviti razloge za hiter zaton anarhističnega gibanja na kitajskem v zgodnjem dvajsetem stoletju. Na začetku dvajsetih let je namreč anarhistično gibanje bilo zelo močno, na koncu desetletja pa je popolnoma izgubilo svoj vodilni položaj. Za ugotovitev razlogov vzpostavi zgodovinsko ozadje anarhističnega gibanja na Kitajskem in splošno zgodovinsko ozadje Kitajske v zgodnjem dvajsetem stoletju. Delo predpostavi, da je bilo anarhistično gibanje na Kitajskem dovolj pomembno, da je lahko vplivalo na politiko kitajske države in imelo pomemben doprinos k kitajski levičarski miselnosti. Samo delo se osredotoča predvsem na delovanje posameznih anarhističnih mislecev in skupin od obdobja pred revolucijo leta 1911 pa do leta 1929, poleg tega pa analizira tudi širše zgodovinske dogodke in druge akterje, ki so vplivali na razvoj in zaton anarhističnega gibanja. Glavna ugotovitev dela je, da do zatona ni prišlo zaradi posameznih dogodkov, temveč, da je do zatona prišlo zaradi dveh ključnih problemov v samem anarhističnem gibanju. Ta problema sta pomanjkanje koordinacije na višjem nivoju med anarhisti in pa pomanjkanje skupnega načrta za dosego anarhistične revolucije na Kitajskem. Zaradi tega se po mnenju avtorice anarhistično gibanje ni bilo zmožno zoperstaviti tekmecem v kitajskem političnem prostoru in je zato v dvajsetih letih dvajsetega stoletja doživelo hiter zaton.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: Kitajska, Anarhizem, dvajseto stoletje, Komunizem, Zgodovina
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: FF - Faculty of Arts
• Year: 2022
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-140460
• Publication date in RUL: 15.09.2022

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The decline of anarchism in China in the 1920s

Abstract

The dissertation attempts to uncover the reasons behind the rapid decline of anarchism in China in the early 20th century. In the beginning of the 1920s the anarchist movement was very strong, but at the end of the decade it had completely lost its dominant position. To uncover these reasons, it establishes the historical background of the Chinese anarchist movement as well as the general historical goings-on in early 20th century China. The work presupposes that the Chinese anarchist movement was important enough to affect the policies of the Chinese state and had valuable contributions to the general development of Chinese left-wing thought. The dissertation itself focuses primarily on the work of individual anarchist thinkers and groups from the period before the revolution of 1911 up until the year 1929 and analyzes the wider historical events and other actors which influenced the development and decline of the Chinese anarchist movement. The main argument of the work is that the decline did not happen because of specific events but that it was rather caused by two crucial problems within the anarchist movement itself. Those two problems being a lack of higher-level coordination among the anarchists and the lack of a unified plan to achieve an anarchist revolution in China. In the author’s opinion these two problems were the key reasons for why the anarchist movement was incapable of defending itself from other challengers in the Chinese political space and saw a rapid decline in the 1920s.

• Keywords: China, Anarchism, 20th Century, Communism, History