Raziskave odpornosti rastlin na okužbe z viroidi na molekularni ravni

Praček, Sergej (author), Štajner, Nataša (mentor)

Viroidi so skupina enoverižnih kovalentno zaprtih RNA molekul, ki jih delimo v družini Pospiviroidae in Avsunviroidae. So najmanjši rastlinski patogeni, ki na različne načine povzročijo bolezensko stanje pri gostiteljskih rastlinah (krompir, paradižnik, hmelj, vinska trta, agrumi …). Patogeneza je lahko sprožena prek interakcije med zrelo viroidno RNA molekulo in rastlinskimi proteini (strukturno specifično) ali prek malih viroidnih inferenčnih RNA molekul, ki nastanejo ob DCL procesiranju (specifično glede na nukleotidno zaporedje). Ob razumevanju delovanja viroidov so bile razvite metode za izdelavo tolerantnih rastlin na okužbo z viroidom. Največji potencial predstavljajo metode transgenze, kjer lahko z vnosom lasničnih RNA ali umetnih malih RNA preko aktivacije RNA interference zaščitimo rastline.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: Viroid, rastline, RNA molekula, patogenost, male RNA, metilacija, utišanje genov, rezistenca, metode transgeneze, ribonukleaza, katalitično protitelo, RNA polimeraza, protismiselna RNA, »hammerhead« ribocim, lasnična RNA, umetne mikroRNA
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Year: 2022
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-139485
• COBISS.SI-ID: 124982275
• Publication date in RUL: 03.09.2022

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Researches on plant resistance to viroid infections at the molecular level

Abstract

Viroids are a group of single-stranded covalently closed RNA molecules, which belong in two families Pospiviroidae and Avsunviroidae. They are the smallest plant pathogens, that can elicit disease state at host plants (potato, tomato, hops, vine, citruses …). Pathogenesis can be triggered with interaction between the mature RNA molecule and plant proteins (structurally specific) or via viroid small interfering RNA molecules, which are produced in DCL processing (nucleotide sequence specific). Understanding how viroids work, methods for viroid-tolerant plants are being developed. The greatest potential is presented by transgenesis approaches, where plants can be protected by insertion of hairpin RNA or artificial small RNA through the activation of RNA interference.

• Keywords: Viroid, plants, RNA molecule, pathogenesis, small RNA, methylation, gene silencing, resistence, transgenic approaches, ribonucleases, catalytic antibody, RNA polymerase, antisense RNA, hammerhead ribozyme, hairpin RNA, artificial miRNA