Značilnosti skoka pri testu vertikalnega skoka skozi dinamični počep pri košarkarjih - pregled literature : diplomsko delo

Ivančič, Zoja Marija (author), Vauhnik, Renata (mentor), Petrič, Maja (comentor), Hlebš, Sonja (reviewer)

Uvod: Košarka je anaerobni šport na aerobni osnovi, ki vključuje tako visoko intenzivne aktivnosti (skakanje, obrati, vodenje žoge in sprinti) kot tudi nizko intenzivne aktivnosti (hoja, ustavljanje in počasni tek). Velik del telesne pripravljenosti košarkarjev se osredotoča na izboljšanje skoka, katerega značilnosti pa se najpogosteje meri in ocenjuje s testom vertikalnega skoka skozi dinamični počep (VSDP). Test VSDP se uporablja v športni diagnostiki za ovrednotenje potrebnih prilagoditev treninga ter za spremljanje živčno-mišične pripravljenosti, ovrednotenje anaerobne moči mišic spodnjih udov, utrudljivosti, višine skoka in ugotavljanje asimetrij. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil s pregledom literature analizirati značilnosti skoka pri VSDP pri košarkarjih. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda. Vključene so bile raziskave v angleškem in slovenskem jeziku, najdene v podatkovni zbirki PubMed, v katerih so proučevali izvedbo testa VSDP pri košarkarjih. Metodološka kakovost člankov je bila ovrednotena z ocenjevalno lestvico PEDro. Analizirali smo vzorec preiskovancev, protokol meritev in značilnosti skoka. Rezultati: V analizo je bilo vključenih šest raziskav. Po lestvici PEDro so bile ovrednotene s povprečno oceno 4. Povprečna višina VSDP vseh analiziranih raziskav je bila 40,5 ± 4,7 cm. Povprečna višina VSDP z zamahom zgornjih udov je bila 54,7 ± 4,5 cm. Povprečna moč je bila 4573 W. Razprava in zaključek: Povprečni višini VSDP in VSDP z uporabo zamaha zgornjih udov sta nad v literaturi najbolj pogosto navedenimi vrednostmi tega skoka, moč ob izvedbi pa je manjša. Avtorji analiziranih raziskav so predlagali optimalno globino počepa in potrdili sposobnosti mišično-kitnega sistema košarkarjev, da hitro razvije silo med fazo raztezanja v ciklu raztezanja in skrajšanja pri vertikalnem skoku. Za trdnejše dokaze v prihodnje predlagamo uporabo standardiziranih protokolov izvedbe VSDP.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, fizioterapija, vertikalni skok skozi dinamični počep, testi, značilnosti skoka, košarka
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [Z. M. Ivančič]
• Year: 2022
• Number of pages: 27 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-138411
• UDC: 615.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 118737411
• Publication date in RUL: 20.07.2022

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Jump characteristics in a countermovement jump test in basketball players - literature review : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Basketball is an anaerobic aerobic-based sport that includes both high-intensity activities (such as jumping, turns, ball handling, and sprints), as well as low-intensity activities (such as walking, stopping, and slow running). Much of the physical fitness of basketball players focuses on improving the jump, the characteristics of which are most often measured and assessed with the countermovement jump test. The countermovement jump test (CMJ) is used in sports diagnostics to evaluate the necessary training adjustments and to monitor neuromuscular readiness, to evaluate the anaerobic strength of the lower limb muscles, fatigue, jump height and to identify asymmetries. Purpose: The purpose of this work is to review the literature on the characteristics of the jump in respect to the CMJ in basketball. Methods: The work applies a descriptive research method. It includes researches in English and Slovenian, found in the PubMed database, which addressed the performance of a CMJ test in basketball. It evaluates the methodological quality of these articles with reference to the PEDro rating scale. We analyzed the sample of subjects, the protocol of measurements and the characteristics of the jump. Results: 6 studies were included in the analysis. According to the PEDro scale, they were evaluated with an average score of 4. The average height of CMJ, of all analyzed jump studies, was 40.5 ± 4.7 cm. The mean height of CMJ with armswing was 54.7 ± 4.5 cm. The average power was 4573 W. Discussion and conclusion: The average jump heights in the CMJ and CMJ using the upper limb swing are above the typical values for this jump, and the performance power is lower. The authors of the analyzed studies have suggested the optimal squat depth and have confirmed the ability of the musculoskeletal system of basketball players to rapidly develop force during the stretching phase in the stretching and shortening cycle in the vertical jump. For stronger evidence in the future, we suggest using the standardised CMJ implementation protocols.

• Keywords: diploma theses, physiotherapy, countermovement jump, tests, jump characteristics, basketball