Urine and Fecal $^1$H-NMR metabolomes differ significantly between pre-term and full-term born physically fit healthy adult males

Deutsch, Leon (author), Debevec, Tadej (author), Millet, Grégoire P. (author), Osredkar, Damjan (author), Opara, Simona (author), Šket, Robert (author), Murovec, Boštjan (author), Mramor, Minca (author), Plavec, Janez (author), Stres, Blaž (author)

Preterm birth (before 37 weeks gestation) accounts for ~10% of births worldwide and remains one of the leading causes of death in children under 5 years of age. Preterm born adults have been consistently shown to be at an increased risk for chronic disorders including cardiovascular, endocrine/metabolic, respiratory, renal, neurologic, and psychiatric disorders that result in increased death risk. Oxidative stress was shown to be an important risk factor for hypertension, metabolic syndrome and lung disease (reduced pulmonary function, long-term obstructive pulmonary disease, respiratory infections, and sleep disturbances). The aim of this study was to explore the differences between preterm and full-term male participants’ levels of urine and fecal proton nuclear magnetic resonance ($^1$H-NMR) metabolomes, during rest and exercise in normoxia and hypoxia and to assess general differences in human gut-microbiomes through metagenomics at the level of taxonomy, diversity, functional genes, enzymatic reactions, metabolic pathways and predicted gut metabolites. Significant differences existed between the two groups based on the analysis of $^1$H-NMR urine and fecal metabolomes and their respective metabolic pathways, enabling the elucidation of a complex set of microbiome related metabolic biomarkers, supporting the idea of distinct host-microbiome interactions between the two groups and enabling the efficient classification of samples; however, this could not be directed to specific taxonomic characteristics.

• Language: English
• Keywords: premature birth, $^1$H-NMR metabolomics, hypoxia, fecal metagenomics, biomarkers, activity, hypoxia
• Work type: Article
• Typology: 1.01 - Original Scientific Article
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty; FŠ - Faculty of Sport; MF - Faculty of Medicine; FE - Faculty of Electrical Engineering; FGG - Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Year: 2022
• Number of pages: 22 str.
• Numbering: Vol. 12, iss. 6, art. 536
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-138367
• UDC: 612
• ISSN on article: 2218-1989
• DOI: 10.3390/metabo12060536
• COBISS.SI-ID: 111333123
• Publication date in RUL: 18.07.2022

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: Metabolites
• Shortened title: Metabolites
• Publisher: MDPI
• ISSN: 2218-1989
• COBISS.SI-ID: 523274009

Licences

• License: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Description: This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Keywords: biokemija, metabolomika, prezgodnje rojstvo, odrasli moški, biomarkerji