Poznavanje demence v laični javnosti : diplomsko delo

Rozman, Maša (author), Tomšič, Marija (mentor), Galof, Katarina (reviewer)

Uvod: Demenca je kronična napredujoča bolezen možganov, ki vpliva na vsakodnevno življenje oseb, ki zbolijo, in tudi njihove svojce. Kaže se z motnjami spomina, mišljenja, orientacije, prepoznavanja, razumevanja, računskih in učnih sposobnostih ter govorjenja, izražanja in presoje. Ko se bolezen pojavi v družini je pomembno, da tisti, ki za osebo z demenco skrbijo, čim več vedo o demenci. Tako bodo lažje premagovali stresne situacije, ki jih demenca prinaša. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je preučiti probleme, ki jih prinaša demenca, in pridobiti informacije o vedenju/poznavanju demence v splošni javnosti. Hkrati želimo raziskati, na katerih področjih se lahko v obravnavo vključi delovna terapija. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila metoda anketiranja, ki je bila oblikovana za priložnost diplomskega dela in pilotirana na vzorcu 10 preiskovancev. Za anketiranje smo uporabili orodje na spletnem mestu 1ka.si. Vsebina ankete se je nanašala na izvajanje vsakodnevnih aktivnosti, prepoznavanje znakov demence, komunikacijo, sobivanje in poznavanje možnosti oblik pomoči, ki jo skrbniki lahko pričakujejo. Ko smo pridobili 75 ustrezno rešenih vprašalnikov, se je spletno anketiranje zaključilo. Rezultati: 83 % sodelujočih prepozna demenco kot kronično napredujočo bolezen možganov. 96 % sodelujočim se zdi pomembno prepoznavanje prvih znakov. Glavne tri znake (motnje spomina, neprepoznavanje družinskih članov, časovno in prostorsko neorientacijo) prepozna večina sodelujočih. 67 % bi se počutilo negotovo, če bi njihov bližnji zbolel za demenco. Večina je seznanjena s tem, da pri demenci lahko zdravimo samo določene simptome in znake. 16 % je mnenja, da ne moremo zdraviti ničesar. Več kot polovica sodelujočih (55 %) ne pozna neformalnih oblik pomoči za osebe z demenco in njihove skrbnike/sorodnike. Skoraj vsi pa trdijo (99 %), da bi v Sloveniji potrebovali strokovno pomoč na domu za osebe z demenco in njihove skrbnike/sorodnike. Razprava in zaključek: Laična javnost sorazmerno dobro pozna znake demence in soočanje z njimi, kadar se slednja pojavi v družini. Prepoznavajo potrebo po strokovni pomoči. Sodelujoči večinoma ne vedo, da obstajajo neformalne oblike pomoči tako osebam z demenco kot njihovim sorodnikom. Novo sprejeti Zakon o dolgotrajni oskrbi je zato dobra osnova za strokovno pomoč oz. obravnavo oseb z demenco in pomoč skrbnikom pri skrbi za te osebe. Pri tem ima pomembno mesto delovna terapija.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, delovna terapija, demenca, družine, zdravljenje
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [M. Rozman]
• Year: 2022
• Number of pages: 44 str., [15] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-137363
• UDC: 615.851
• COBISS.SI-ID: 111667459
• Publication date in RUL: 15.06.2022

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Knowledge of dementia in the lay public : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Dementia is a chronic progressive brain disease that affects everyday life of people suffering from disease and their relatives. It is manifested by disorders of memory, thinking, orientation, recognition, comprehension, calculus and learning abilities, along with speaking and proper judgment. When the disease occurs in the family, it is important that those caring for a person with dementia know as much as possible about the disease. This will make it easier for them to overcome the stressful situations that dementia presents. Purpose: The purpose of the bachelor thesis is to study the problems posed by dementia and to gain information about the behavior and knowledge of the disease in the general public. At the same time, we want to explore in which areas occupational therapies can be included in the treatment. Methods: A survey method was applied, which was designed for the bachelor thesis and conveyed on a sample of 10 subjects. Survey was conducted using the tool on the 1ka.si website. The content of the survey was related to the implementation of daily activities, identifying signs of dementia, communication, coexistence and caregivers knowledge of types of help that they can provide. When we obtained 75 properly completed questionnaires, the online survey was completed. Results: 83% of respondents recognize dementia as a chronically progressive brain disease. 96% of respondents consider it important to recognize the first signs. The main three signs (memory disorders, non-recognition of family members, time and spatial disorientation) are recognized by the majority of respondents. 67% would feel uncertain if their loved one had dementia. Most are aware that with dementia we can only treat certain symptoms and preliminary signs. 16% of respondents think that we cannot treat anything. More than half of the respondents (55%) don't know informal types of assistance to treat people with dementia and their relatives. However almost all of them ( 99%) claim that in Slovenia we would need professional assistance at home for people with dementia and support for their relatives. Discussion and conclusion: The general public is relatively familiar with the signs of dementia and how to deal with them when they occur in the family. They recognize the need for professional assistance. Respondents are largely unaware that there exist informal forms of assistance to both people with dementia and their relatives. The newly adopted law about long-term care is therefore a good basis for professional assistance and treatment of dementia with help of asigned caregivers. This is where the occupational therapy plays an important role.

• Keywords: diploma theses, occupational therapy, dementia, families, treatment