Vpliv kemoterapije na plodnost žensk in vloga medicinske sestre : diplomsko delo

Pišljar, Eva (author), Mlinar, Suzana (mentor), Thaler, Darja (reviewer)

Uvod: Rak je velik javnozdravstveni problem, približno 5 % ljudi z diagnozo rak predstavljajo ženske v reproduktivnem obdobju. Zdravljenje nekaterih vrst malignih obolenj poteka s citostatiki, ki delujejo na hitro deleče se celice. Tako citostatiki vplivajo tudi na spolne celice jajčnikov, kar lahko močno vpliva na plodnost. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je predstaviti, kako zdravljenje raka s kemoterapijo pri ženskah v reproduktivnem obdobju vpliva na plodnost. Metode dela: Uporabili smo deskriptivno metodo dela s pregledom znanstvene in strokovne literature. Iskanje literature je potekalo v angleškem jeziku na temo reproduktivnega zdravja v povezavi z zdravljenjem s kemoterapijo prek bibliografske podatkovne baze Cinahl ter na spletnih portalih Dikul in PubMed. Rezultati: Gonadotoksična kemoterapija, ki vključuje alkilirajoča sredstva, lahko povzroči prezgodnjo insuficienco jajčnikov in izgubo plodnosti pri mladih ženskah z rakom. Starost ženske in vrsta oz. odmerek kemoterapije sta pomembna dejavnika tveganja za odpoved jajčnikov, pri čemer imajo starejše ženske večje tveganje kot mlajše. Medicinske sestre so izrazile potrebo po izobraževanju in usposabljanju za odpravo ugotovljenih pomanjkljivosti znanja pri razpravah o ohranjanju plodnosti. Ženske imajo po končanem zdravljenju raka v reproduktivnem obdobju psihosocialne, razvojne in reproduktivne skrbi, ki so povezane z njihovim zdravjem. Razprava in zaključek: Glede na razpoložljive možnosti ohranjanja plodnosti in smernice klinične prakse je priporočeno, da je svetovanje o plodnosti potrebno pri vseh ženskah v reproduktivnem obdobju. Ugotovitve kažejo, da je prisotnih precej ovir in konfliktov. Ključ do uspešnega svetovanja je osredotočen na izboljšano komunikacijo, oblikovanje specializirane ekipe za ohranjanje plodnosti in načrtovanje svetovalne službe za ohranjanje plodnosti.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, reproduktivno zdravje, rak, citostatiki, psihosocialni vpliv, metode ohranjanja plodnosti
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [E. Pišljar]
• Year: 2022
• Number of pages: 37 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-137008
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 109652483
• Publication date in RUL: 28.05.2022

PIŠLJAR, Eva, 2022, Vpliv kemoterapije na plodnost žensk in vloga medicinske sestre : diplomsko delo [online]. Bachelor’s thesis. Ljubljana : E. Pišljar. [Accessed 11 April 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=137008

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Impact of chemotherapy on women´s fertility and the role of the nurse : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Cancer is a major public health problem, with about 5% of people diagnosed with cancer are women of reproductive age. Some types of malignancies are treated with cytostatics that work on rapidly dividing cells. Thus, cytostatics also affect the germ cells of the ovaries, which can greatly affect fertility. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to present how the treatment of cancer with chemotherapy in women during the reproductive period affects fertility. Methods: We used a descriptive method of work with a review of scientific and professional literature. The literature search was conducted in English, on the topic of reproductive health in connection with chemotherapy, through the Cinahl bibliographic database and on the Dikul and PubMed web portals. Results: Gonadotoxic chemotherapy, including alkylating agents, can cause premature ovarian failure and fertility loss in young women with cancer. Age of woman and type or dose of chemotherapy are important risk factors for ovarian failure, with older women at higher risk than younger ones. Nurses expressed the need for education and training to address identified knowledge gaps in fertility conservation discussions. After completing cancer treatment during the reproductive period, women have psychosocial, developmental, and reproductive concerns related to their health. Discussion and conclusion: Given the available fertility options and the guidelines of clinical practice it is recommended that fertility counseling is necessary in all patients of childbearing age. The findings show that there are many barriers and conflicts. The key to successful counseling is focused on improved communication, building a specialized fertility conservation team, and planning a fertility conservation counseling service.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, reproductive health, cancer, cytostatics, psychosocial impact, fertility preservation