Priprava mladostnic na menarho in ravnanje z menstrualno higieno : diplomsko delo

Stanonik, Vesna (author), Mihelič Zajec, Andreja (mentor), Mlinar, Suzana (reviewer)

Uvod: Menarha je pomemben in edinstven dogodek v življenju mladostnice. Pojavi se med 11. in 13. letom starosti. Pomembno je, da se mladostnica na menarho pripravi že prej, in sicer tako, da se oskrbi z informacijami. V večini so matere še vedno eden izmed poglavitnih virov informacij, čeprav niso vedno najbolj zanesljiv vir. Med menstruacijo je higiena zelo pomembna, zato je potrebno mladostnice podučiti o tem – veliko vlogo pri ozaveščanju mladostnic ima menstrual hygiene management (MHM). Namen: Namen raziskave je proučiti pripravo mladostnic na menarho in jim odgovoriti na vprašanja glede menarhe, higiene med menstruacijo, uporabe higienskih pripomočkov in ravnanju z menstruacijo. Metode dela: Uporabili smo deskriptivno metodo dela. Naredili smo pregled tuje literature, ki se nanaša na menstruacijo pri mladostnicah. Uporabili smo 15 enot literature iz podatkovnih baz PubMed, ScienceDirect in The Cochrane Library. Prikazali smo jih v treh tabelah in opisno. Rezultati: Raziskave kažejo, da je menstruacija še vedno tabu tema. Predvsem v gospodarsko slabše razvitih državah mladostnice pogosto ne vedo, kaj točno pričakovati, ko dobijo menstruacijo, zato ne znajo pravilno ukrepati. Prav tako nimajo ustreznih higienskih pripomočkov in ne poznajo pravilnega ravnanja z menstrualnimi pripomočki. Znanje je pomanjkljivo, zato je njihova izkušnja z menstruacijo prežeta z občutki strahu, sramu, anksioznosti. Razprava in zaključek: Glede na to, da mladostnice pogosto dobijo informacije od svojih mater, sester in prijateljic ima vsaka drugačno razlago o njej. Zato bi bilo smiselno že v šolah podajati pravilne in objektivne informacije o menstruaciji. Prav tako bi bilo potrebno omogočiti vsem dostop do ustreznih pripomočkov, ki jih lahko uporabljajo med menstruacijo, in jih podučiti o MHM. Predvsem v gospodarsko slabše razvitih državah je potrebno vpeljevanje MHM in poučevanje o menstruaciji.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, menstruacija, mladostnice, menarha, higiena med menstruacijo, ravnanje z menstruacijo, znanje, izkušnje
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [V. Stanonik]
• Year: 2022
• Number of pages: 34 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-136254
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 105485827
• Publication date in RUL: 21.04.2022

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Preparing adolescents for menarche and their menstrual hygiene management : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Menarche is an important and unique event in the life of a young woman. It occurs between the ages of 11 and 13. It is of vital importance for the adolescent to prepare herself for her first period beforehand by collecting useful information. Despite not being the most reliable sources of knowledge, mothers remain, for the most part, one of the main sources of information. Proper menstrual hygiene management (MHM) during periods remains crucial – therefore it is important for adolescents to be well familiar with it. Purpose: The purpose of this research is to study the preparation of adolescents for the menarche and to answer the questions where and how do adolescents get information about the period, what do they need to know about the basic hygiene products, what period accessories do they use and how familiar are the adolescents with the MHM? Methods: We used a descriptive method of work. We reviewed foreign literature about the menstruation in adolescents. We used 15 literature units from the PubMed, ScienceDirect and The Cochrane Library databases. They are displayed in three tables as well as presented descriptively. Results: All the studies have shown that the menstruation still remains to be a taboo topic. Especially in economically less developed countries, young women still do not really know what to expect when they get their first period and therefore do not know how to act properly. They also lack proper hygiene accessories and do not know how to handle them properly. Due to insufficient knowledge experiencing the first period is accompanied by feelings of fear, shame, and anxiety. Discussion and conclusion:. Given that adolescents receive information from their mothers, sisters, friends, each of them develops a different idea of having a period. Therefore, it would make sense for the adolescents to be provided with reliable and objective information about menstruation already in schools. In addition, every adolescent should be given an access to the appropriate period accessories and be informed about the usage of the MHM. Especially in the economically less developed countries the introduction of MHM and teaching about menstruation is crucial.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, menstruation, adolescents, menarche, menstrual hygiene, menstrual hygiene management, knowledge, experiences