Energy consumption in industry accounts for a large share of total energy consumption in the European Union, with the majority of energy consumed by energy-intensive industries. In the final thesis, we focused on the use of waste heat in these industries. We reviewed the literature and identified the processes where the potential for waste heat recovery is greatest. We described the existing technologies for the use of waste heat and presented innovative heat pipe heat exchangers (HPHE), which were developed as part of the ETEKINA project. Two HPHEs were experimentally installed in the SIJ Metal Ravne steel plant for the use of waste heat from the flue gases of the Allino furnace for the purpose of preheating the combustion air and heating the business premises. We developed a simple tool for calculating energy and cost savings and found that the system recovers 48.7 % of flue gas waste heat, is effective in reducing emissions and reduces the cost of fuel, EU Allowances and heating.
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