Pomen utrjevanja in vloga didaktičnih iger za učenčevo avtomatizacijo poštevanke

Vrhovec, Sara (author), Hodnik, Tatjana (mentor)

Matematika je v šoli eden izmed temeljnih predmetov, ki se obravnava v vseh razrednih osnovne šole. Učenci že v začetku šolanja spoznajo števila, različna dejstva, postopke in računske operacije. Ena izmed pomembnejših aritmetičnih vsebin, ki jo učenci spoznajo v tretjem razredu, je poštevanka. V magistrski nalogi se bomo poglobili v znanje poštevanke tretješolcev in četrtošolcev. Zanimalo nas bo, v kolikšni meri učenci usvojijo poštevanko in ali jo avtomatizirajo. V teoretičnem delu bomo predstavili pomen ponavljanja za ohranjanje pridobljenih spretnosti in znanj. Poglobili se bomo v znanje poštevanke in njeno avtomatizacijo. Predstavili bomo nekaj strategij, s katerimi si lahko pomagamo pri množenju. Ker je za avtomatizacijo poštevanke potrebno veliko ponavljanja, bomo predstavili nekaj načinov, s katerimi lahko utrjujemo znanje poštevanke. Ena izmed učnih metod, s katero lahko utrjujemo različne učne vsebine, tudi poštevanko, je didaktična igra, ki jo bomo tudi podrobneje predstavili. V empiričnem delu magistrske naloge bomo raziskovali znanje poštevanke v različnih časovnih obdobjih. Prav tako nas bo zanimalo, kako redno utrjevanje z različnimi nalogami in didaktičnimi igrami pripomore k avtomatizaciji poštevanke. Učenci v tretjem razredu spoznajo poštevanko in glede na zapis ciljev v učnem načrtu, jo morajo znati do avtomatizma. Preverili bomo, kakšno znanje poštevanke imajo učenci ob zaključku 3. razreda. Nato nas bo zanimalo, kakšno je njihovo znanje poštevanke na začetku 4. razreda, po predvidenem dvomesečnem premoru glede utrjevanja (čas počitnic). Učencem bomo pripravili gradivo in didaktične igre, s katerimi bodo utrjevali znanje poštevanke, ter nato preverili, v kolikšni meri so napredovali oz. ali so poštevanko avtomatizirali.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: poštevanka
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: PEF - Faculty of Education
• Year: 2022
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-135873
• COBISS.SI-ID: 102783235
• Publication date in RUL: 04.04.2022

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Importance of revision and the role of didactic games in the student's development of automaticity at the multiplication table

Abstract

Mathematics is one of the basic subjects taught in all grades of primary school. Pupils learn about numbers, various facts, procedures and arithmetic calculations at the very beginning of education. One of the most important arithmetic contents that pupils learn in the third grade is the multiplication table. In this master's thesis, we will delve into the knowledge of the multiplication table of third and fourth-graders. We will be looking at the extent to which pupils master the multiplication table and whether they automate it. In the theoretical part, we will present the importance of repetition for the preservation of acquired skills and knowledge. We will delve into the knowledge of the multiplication table and its automation. We will present a few methods that can help with multiplication. Since automation of the multiplication table requires a lot of repetition, we will present some methods which can help to consolidate the knowledge of the multiplication table. One of the learning methods which helps in the consolidation of various learning contents, including the multiplication table, is the didactic game, which will be presented in more detail. In the empirical part of the master's thesis, we will explore the knowledge of the multiplication table in different time periods. We will also be looking at how regular consolidation with various tasks and educational games can help with the automation of the multiplication table. The pupils are introduced to the multiplication table in the third grade and according to the objectives in the curriculum, are required to adopt it to the point of automation. We will check to what extent the pupils actually adopt the multiplication table at the end of the third grade. We will then look at how good their knowledge of the multiplication table is at the beginning of the fourth grade, after a planned two-month break from consolidation (holiday time). We will also prepare the material and didactic games for the pupils, which will be used for the consolidation of their knowledge of the multiplication table, and then take a look at the extent of their progression or whether they reached the point of automation.

• Keywords: multiplication table