Prva pomoč pri zastrupitvah z ogljikovim monoksidom : diplomsko delo

Mujkanović, Ajdin (author), Sotler, Robert (mentor), Kramar, Janez (comentor), Prestor, Jože (reviewer)

Uvod: Zastrupitve z ogljikovim monoksidom terjajo veliko življenj in na prizadetih puščajo hude posledice. Ogljikov monoksid spada v skupino dušljivcev in je zaradi svojih lastnosti izredno nevaren. Imenujejo ga tudi tihi ubijalec, saj ga osebe s svojimi naravnimi čutili ne moremo zaznati. Ogljikov monoksid se na hemoglobin veže kar z 240-krat večjo hitrostjo kot kisik in ob vezavi na hemoglobin tvori karboksihemoglobin. S tem preprečuje prenos kisika do tkiv. Najpomembnejša ukrepa pri zdravljenju sta umaknitev pacienta s kontaminiranega območja ter čimprejšnja aplikacija 100 % kisika. S pravilnimi preventivnimi ukrepi in izobraževanjem bi lahko zmanjšali delež zastrupitev in njihovih posledic. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je s pomočjo literature ugotoviti, kateri so opozorilni znaki pri zastrupitvah z ogljikovim monoksidom ter razrešiti vprašanje o pravilnih ukrepih prve pomoči. Prav tako želimo povečati ozaveščenost o zastrupitvah z ogljikovim monoksidom in spodbuditi zanimanje za to temo. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda dela z uporabo tuje in domače literature. Ta je vključevala monografije ter strokovne in znanstvene članke s polnim besedilom v slovenskem in tujem jeziku. Rezultati: Znaki in simptomi pri zastrupitvah z ogljikovim monoksidom so zelo nespecifični in so lahko pri blažjih oblikah podobni sezonskim virozam. Ko govorimo o prvi pomoči, je pomembno, da vedno najprej poskrbimo za svojo varnost. Poškodovanega moramo čim prej prestaviti s kontaminiranega področja in mu priskrbeti strokovno pomoč. Razprava in zaključek: Ugotovili smo, da je izobraževanje o zastrupitvah z ogljikovim monoksidom lahko ključno za preživetje prizadetega posameznika. Zato je zelo pomembno, da stremimo k čim večjemu ozaveščanju ter izobraževanju zaposlenih v zdravstvu, prav tako kot splošne populacije, o tej temi. V prihodnosti bi bilo smiselno s pomočjo ankete raziskati, kakšno je znanje o tej temi v različnih starostnih ali poklicnih skupinah. S tem bi lahko natančneje ocenili cilje skupine za izobraževanje.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, tihi ubijalec, plini, toksikologija
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [A. Mujkanović]
• Year: 2021
• Number of pages: 31 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-135240
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 99405315
• Publication date in RUL: 02.03.2022

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: First aid for carbon monoxide poisoning : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Carbon monoxide poisoning takes many lives and has serious consequences for those that survive. It belongs to the group of asphyxiating gases and is extremely dangerous due to its properties. It is also called the silent killer, because we cannot detect it with our natural senses. Carbon monoxide binds to hemoglobin with 240 times greater speed than oxygen and forms carboxyhemoglobin when bound to hemoglobin. This prevents the transfer of oxygen to the tissues. The most important treatment measures are to remove the patient from the contaminated area and to apply 100% oxygen as soon as possible. With the right preventive measures and education, we could reduce the frequency of poisonings and their consequences. Purpose: The purpose of the diploma thesis is to review the literature to determine the warning signs of carbon monoxide poisoning, and to resolve the issue of correct first aid measures. Another aim is to raise awareness of carbon monoxide poisoning and stimulate the greatest possible interest in this topic. Methods: A descriptive research method using foreign and domestic literature was used. This will include monographs and full-text professional and scientific articles in the Slovenian and foreign languages. Results: The signs and symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning are very non-specific and may be similar to seasonal viruses in milder forms. When we talk about first aid, it is important that we always take care of our own safety first. The injured person must be removed from the contaminated area as soon as possible and professional assistance provided. Discussion and conclusion: It can be concluded that education about carbon monoxide poisoning can be crucial for the survival of an affected individual. It is therefore very important that we strive to raise awareness and educate healthcare professionals, as well as the general population, about this topic. In the future, it would make sense to use a survey to investigate the knowledge of this topic in different age or occupational groups. This could better assess education needs.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, silent killer, gases, toxicology